Meeting Life Challenges
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Psychology
Complete topic list for Meeting Life Challenges in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Psychology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Nature of Stress and Stress Appraisal
- Stress comes from the Latin words strictus and stringere, meaning tight or narrow and to tighten.
- Stress is the pattern of responses an organism makes to a stimulus event that disturbs equilibrium and exceeds coping ability.
- The reaction to external stressors is called strain.
Types and Sources of Stress
- The three major types of stress are physical and environmental, psychological, and social.
- Physical stress changes the state of the body, such as overexertion, lack of sleep, injury, or poor diet.
- Environmental stress includes noise, crowding, pollution, heat, cold, and disasters like fire, earthquake, and floods.
Measure of Stressful Life Events
- Holmes and Rahe developed the original life event measure of stress.
- Singh, Kaur and Kaur developed the Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale for the Indian population based on that measure.
- The scale has 51 life change items.
Effects of Stress on Psychological Functioning and Health
- Stress has emotional, physiological, cognitive, and behavioural effects.
- Emotional effects include mood swings, anxiety, depression, tension, and irritability.
- Physiological effects include release of adrenaline and cortisol, changes in heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism, digestion, and breathing.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Stress, coping, and positive health
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