Basics of Computer

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A computer is a device that transforms data into meaningful information. It accepts data, stores it, processes it, gives output, and controls operations inside the system.

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The five basic operations are input, storage, processing, output, and control. Input enters data, storage keeps it, processing works on it, output gives the result, and control manages all operations.

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The CPU is the Central Processing Unit. It is jointly formed by the ALU and the CU, and it is called the brain of the computer system because it controls processing work.

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The ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. It performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, logic operations, and comparison operations.

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The CU stands for Control Unit. It supervises input, output, processing, and storage. It also decides when to start or stop receiving data and where to store data.

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A mouse is useful for point-and-click actions such as selecting menus, moving icons, and choosing options. It cannot substitute all keyboard operations, so the keyboard is still needed for many tasks.

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The most common keyboard is the QWERTY board. A standard keyboard has 104 keys, and cursor control keys are duplicated to make use of the numeric pad easier.

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A light pen is an input device with a light-sensitive detector. It allows the user to move the pointer and select objects by directly pointing at them on the display screen.