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Syllabus

Complex Numbers — Syllabus

NIOS · Class 12 · Mathematics

What Complex Numbers covers in NIOS Class 12 Mathematics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the NIOS Class 12 Mathematics syllabus.

45 questions25 flashcards8 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A diagram illustrating the components of a complex number z = a + ib, clearly labeling the real part 'a', the imaginary part 'b', and the imaginary unit 'i'.
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4 Topics · NIOS Class 12 Mathematics · 2026-27

Topics in Complex Numbers

1

1. Introduction to Complex Numbers

  • A complex number is any number that can be expressed as z = a + bi, where a, b ∈ ℝ and i = √(-1)
  • The imaginary unit i is defined such that i² = -1
  • Complex numbers were introduced because no real number satisfies x² = -1
2

2. Powers of the Imaginary Unit (i)

  • i¹ = i
  • i² = -1 (by definition)
  • i³ = i² · i = (-1) · i = -i
3

3. Conjugate of a Complex Number

  • The conjugate of z = a + bi is z̄ = a - bi (change sign of imaginary part)
  • Notation: conjugate is denoted by a bar over z, i.e., z̄ or z*
  • If z is real (b = 0), then z̄ = z (conjugate of a real number is itself)
4

4. Geometrical Representation (Argand Plane)

  • Any complex number z = a + bi is represented as point P(a, b) in a 2D plane
  • The plane is called Argand Plane or Complex Plane
  • Horizontal axis (x-axis) represents real numbers - called Real Axis

Key Concepts

The imaginary unit i is definedA complex number is expressed asThe conjugate of z =The modulus of z =The argument θ of z =

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Complex Numbers for NIOS Class 12 Mathematics?
Key topics in Complex Numbers include Introduction to Complex Numbers, Powers of the Imaginary Unit (i), Conjugate of a Complex Number, Geometrical Representation (Argand Plane). Study these first, then practise questions on each for the NIOS Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Complex Numbers for the NIOS Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 45 practice questions on Complex Numbers. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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