Atmosphere — Flashcards
Telangana Board · Class 9 · Social Studies
20 flashcards for Atmosphere (Telangana Board Class 9 Social Studies) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is the atmosphere and why is it essential for life on Earth?
Answer
The atmosphere is a sea of gases surrounding Earth, about 1000 km thick. It is essential for life because: 1) It provides oxygen for breathing, 2) Protects us from harmful solar rays, 3) Enables photo…
Composition of Atmosphere
Answer
The atmosphere consists of: Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon, Neon, Carbon dioxide (0.03%), Methane, Ammonia, Ozone, Water vapour (0.4% - mostly within 6 km of surface), and Particulates (fine dust…
Troposphere
Answer
The lowermost layer of atmosphere extending up to 13 km average height (8 km at poles, 18 km at equator). Contains 75% of atmospheric mass and practically all moisture and dust. All weather phenomena …
Stratosphere
Answer
Extends from troposphere to 50 km height. Almost free from clouds and weather phenomena, making it ideal for jet aircraft flying. Contains the important ozone layer that protects Earth from harmful UV…
Compare Homosphere and Heterosphere
Answer
Homosphere (0-90 km): Has uniform composition of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, argon, CO2. Includes Troposphere, Stratosphere, and Mesosphere. Heterosphere (above 90 km): Has heterogeneous composition …
What is air pressure and how does temperature affect it?
Answer
Air pressure is the push effect exerted by gas molecules on objects. When air is heated, molecules gain energy and move faster, initially increasing pressure. But energized molecules rise higher, leav…
Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
Answer
A low-pressure belt around the equator where hot air rises due to intense solar heating. Also called equatorial low pressure belt. The rising hot air creates a zone where trade winds from both hemisph…
What is the Coriolis effect and how does it influence wind direction?
Answer
Coriolis effect is the deflection of moving objects (including winds) due to Earth's rotation. It causes winds to curve right in Northern Hemisphere and left in Southern Hemisphere. Effect is zero at …
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