Industrialisation and Social Change — Flashcards
Telangana Board · Class 9 · Social Studies
20 flashcards for Industrialisation and Social Change (Telangana Board Class 9 Social Studies) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is the Industrial Revolution and when did it occur in Britain?
Answer
The Industrial Revolution was a period of major economic and technological transformation that occurred in Britain between 1760-1850 (particularly 1780s-1850s). It marked the shift from handicraft and…
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain first?
Answer
Britain was the first to industrialize due to: 1) Political stability and unified market with common laws and currency 2) Agricultural revolution that created surplus labor 3) Growing towns and extens…
Agricultural Revolution
Answer
The Agricultural Revolution (1600-1800) was a process where large landlords took over small peasant farms and enclosed village common lands. They used new cultivation methods and animal rearing techni…
Abraham Darby and the Darby family
Answer
The Darby family (three generations of Abraham Darby) revolutionized iron-making in Britain. The first Abraham Darby (1709) invented a blast furnace using coke instead of charcoal, generating higher t…
What problems did charcoal face as a fuel, and how was it solved?
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Problems with charcoal: 1) Too fragile to transport long distances 2) Could not generate high temperatures due to impurities 3) Poor quality iron production 4) Deforestation reduced charcoal supply. S…
James Watt's Steam Engine
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James Watt (1736-1819) invented an improved steam engine that converted it from a mere water pump into a 'prime mover' - a machine capable of powering factory machinery. Working with Matthew Boulton, …
Compare the problems of spinning and weaving before technological innovations.
Answer
Before innovations: Spinning was extremely slow and laborious. One weaver needed yarn from 10 spinners (mostly women). This created a bottleneck where weavers waited idly for sufficient yarn. The cott…
What role did colonies play in British industrialization?
Answer
Colonies were crucial for British industrialization: 1) Provided large markets for British industrial goods 2) Supplied raw materials like cotton and food grains at low costs 3) Colonial trade and con…
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