Fluids

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Step 1: Calculate thrust (weight) = mg = 90 × 10 = 900 N Step 2: Apply pressure formula: P = F/A = 900/0.036 Step 3: P = 25,000 Pa or 25 kPa Key insight: Pressure depends on both force AND the area o…

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A sharp pin has a very small area of contact, so the same force is concentrated over a tiny area, creating extremely high pressure. A blunt needle distributes the same force over a larger contact area…

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Using formula: P = hρg P = 0.85 × 1000 × 10 P = 8,500 Pa or 8.5 kPa Key point: Pressure in liquids depends on THREE factors: 1. Depth (h) - deeper means more pressure 2. Density (ρ) - denser liquid m…

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Liquid pressure increases with depth according to P = hρg. The bottom holes experience greater depth of water above them, creating higher pressure. Higher pressure forces water out at greater speed.

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Water exerts greater pressure because it has higher density. Using P = hρg: - For water: P = h × 1000 × g - For kerosene: P = h × 800 × g Since density of water (1000) > density of kerosene (800), w…

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When standing: Your weight acts on a small area (feet only), creating HIGH pressure on sand When lying down: Same weight acts on a LARGE area (whole body), creating LOW pressure Formula explanation: …

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Atmospheric pressure: The pressure exerted by the weight of Earth's atmosphere on all surfaces. At sea level: - 101,325 Pa (exactly) - 101.3 kPa - 1.013 bar - 1 atm (standard atmospheric pressure) C…

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Step 1: Convert height to meters: 760 mm = 0.76 m Step 2: Use formula P = hρg Step 3: P = 0.76 × 13,600 × 9.8 Step 4: P = 101,293 Pa ≈ 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa ≈ 101.3 kPa How barometer works: Atmospheric pres…