Indian Social Thinkers - Mahatma Jyothiba Phule, Swamy Vivekananda, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Periyar Ramaswamynayakar
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Sociology
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Topics in Indian Social Thinkers - Mahatma Jyothiba Phule, Swamy Vivekananda, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Periyar Ramaswamynayakar
Mahatma Jyotiba Phule
- Born in 1827 in Poona into a Mali (gardener) family, belonging to the Shudra Varna.
- Pioneer in promoting education for girls and lower castes; opened the first school for girls from marginalized communities in 1848.
- His wife, Savitribai Phule, became India’s first female teacher and taught alongside him.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- Born in a Dalit Mahar family; faced caste discrimination from childhood.
- Educated in the USA, UK, and Germany; became a lawyer and scholar.
- Leader of Dalits; founded journals and organizations to uplift marginalized communities.
Swami Vivekananda
- Born as Narendra Nath Datta in 1863; became a monk and disciple of Ramakrishna Paramhansa.
- Introduced Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the West.
- Represented India at the Parliament of World Religions in Chicago (1893).
Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
- Born in 1879 in Tamil Nadu; known as 'Thanthai Periyar' (Father Figure).
- Quarreled with Gandhi over caste dining in Congress; left to join Justice Party.
- Led the Vaikom Satyagraha (1924) for lower-caste access to temple roads—earned title 'Vaikom Veerar'.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Social Reform and Equality in Indian Society
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