Pulleys

Given: Detail (part) drawings of a Solid Cast-Iron (C.I.) Pulley are provided. The parts are: (i) Pulley body (solid web/disc type), (ii) Shaft, and (iii) Key.

Concept: An assembly drawing combines all individual parts in their correct working positions. A half-sectional front view shows the lower half cut by a horizontal cutting plane passing through the axis, revealing internal features (hub bore, keyway, web thickness, rim profile), while the upper half remains as an external view.

---

Step-by-Step Procedure:

Step 1 – Identify the parts and their dimensions (read from the given detail drawings):
- Pulley: overall diameter (D), face width (B), rim thickness, hub diameter, hub length, bore diameter, keyway dimensions.
- Shaft: diameter equal to bore of pulley hub.
- Sunk Key: width × height × length as per keyway.

Step 2 – Establish the position w.r.t. H.P. and V.P.:
- The pulley axis is kept horizontal (parallel to V.P. and perpendicular to H.P. in the standard position).
- The shaft passes through the hub bore along the pulley axis.
- The key is fitted in the keyway between shaft and hub.

Step 3 – Draw the Front View (lower half in section), Scale 1:1:

1. Draw the centre lines — one horizontal (axis of pulley/shaft) and one vertical (centre of face width).
2. Upper half (external view):
- Draw the outer rim profile: two horizontal lines at $\pm D/2$ from axis, connected by the face-width lines.
- Show the crowned (slightly convex) or flat rim face.
- Show the hub as a cylinder of hub-diameter and hub-length, projecting symmetrically about the web.
- Show the solid web (disc) connecting rim to hub.
3. Lower half (sectional view — cut by horizontal plane through axis):
- Show the cross-section of the rim (rectangular section of thickness $t_r$).
- Show the solid web in section (hatched with cast-iron hatching — thin lines at 45°).
- Show the hub cross-section: outer hub diameter and inner bore diameter; keyway slot visible at the top of the bore.
- Show the shaft (circle/rectangle in section) inside the bore — shaft is NOT hatched (standard practice: shaft not cut in section).
- Show the key in section (hatched) sitting in the keyway.
4. Draw the cutting-plane line (chain line with arrows) along the horizontal axis in the side view to indicate the section.

Step 4 – Draw the Left Side View, Scale 1:1:

1. Project from the front view.
2. Draw concentric circles:
- Outermost circle: rim outer diameter $D$.
- Next circle: rim inner diameter $(D - 2t_r)$.
- Hub outer circle: hub diameter $d_h$.
- Bore circle: bore diameter $d_b$ (= shaft diameter).
3. Show the solid web as the area between hub and rim (no spokes — solid disc).
4. Show the keyway as a small rectangular slot at the top of the bore circle.
5. Show the shaft ends projecting beyond the hub on both sides (visible as circles coinciding with bore).
6. Apply centre lines.

Step 5 – Dimensioning (6 important dimensions):

$$\boxed{\text{1. Overall diameter of pulley } (D)}$$
$$\boxed{\text{2. Face width of pulley } (B)}$$
$$\boxed{\text{3. Bore diameter / Shaft diameter } (d)}$$
$$\boxed{\text{4. Hub diameter } (d_h) \text{ and Hub length } (L_h)}$$
$$\boxed{\text{5. Rim thickness } (t_r)}$$
$$\boxed{\text{6. Key dimensions: Width} \times \text{Height} \times \text{Length}}$$

Step 6 – Title Block and Projection Symbol:
- Write title: SOLID C.I. PULLEY — ASSEMBLY DRAWING
- Scale: 1:1
- Draw the First-Angle Projection symbol (frustum of cone symbol) in the title block.

---

Key Drawing Notes (Board Exam Tips):
- In the sectional front view, hatch the pulley body (rim, web, hub) with thin lines at 45° (C.I. hatching — single direction, equally spaced).
- The shaft is not hatched even though it appears in the section (standard rule: shafts, keys, bolts are not sectioned when cut longitudinally).
- The key IS hatched (it is cut transversely/across its length in the front view section).
- The boundary between the sectioned lower half and the unsectioned upper half is shown by a horizontal centre line (no extra line needed if the cutting plane coincides with the axis).
- The left side view is placed to the right of the front view in First-Angle Projection.

Final Answer: The assembled views — (a) Front view with lower half in section and (b) Left side view — are drawn at Scale 1:1 in First-Angle Projection with 6 dimensions and title block as described above (refer to Fig. 7.8 of the textbook for the finished drawing).

Given: Assembled view of a Solid C.I. Pulley (with shaft and key) is provided (Fig. 7.9). The task is to draw detail (part) drawings of each component separately.

Concept: A detail/part drawing shows each component individually with all dimensions needed for manufacture. The position of each part is kept the same as in the assembly (same orientation w.r.t. H.P. and V.P.).

---

## PART (a): PULLEY

Step 1 – Read dimensions from the assembled view:
Note: $D$ = pulley outer diameter, $B$ = face width, $d_h$ = hub outer diameter, $L_h$ = hub length, $d$ = bore diameter, $t_r$ = rim thickness, $t_w$ = web thickness.

Step 2 – Draw (i) Lower Half Sectional Front View of Pulley:

1. Draw horizontal axis (pulley axis) and vertical centre line.
2. Upper half — External view:
- Top rim line at height $D/2$ from axis.
- Hub outline at height $d_h/2$ from axis.
- Solid web connecting rim to hub (vertical line at web position).
- Hub projects beyond web on both sides up to $L_h/2$.
3. Lower half — Sectional view (cut by horizontal plane through axis):
- Rim cross-section: rectangle of width $B$ and thickness $t_r$ at bottom.
- Web cross-section: rectangle of thickness $t_w$ (hatched).
- Hub cross-section: outer boundary $d_h/2$ below axis, inner boundary (bore) $d/2$ below axis.
- Keyway shown as a rectangular slot at the top of the bore (in the lower half section, the keyway appears at the axis level — shown as a notch in the bore).
- Apply C.I. hatching (45°, thin lines) to all cut surfaces of the pulley body.
- The bore is left empty (shaft removed in detail drawing).
4. Mark the cutting-plane line in the side view.

Step 3 – Draw (ii) RH Side View of Pulley:

1. Project from the front view (in First-Angle Projection, RH side view is placed to the left of the front view).
2. Draw concentric circles:
- Rim outer circle: diameter $D$.
- Rim inner circle: diameter $D - 2t_r$.
- Hub outer circle: diameter $d_h$.
- Bore circle: diameter $d$.
3. Show the keyway as a small rectangle at the top of the bore (width = key width, depth = key depth in hub).
4. The solid web fills the annular space between hub and rim.
5. Apply centre lines (horizontal + vertical).

---

## PART (b): KEY (Sunk Key)

Step 1 – Read key dimensions from assembly:
Key: Width $w$, Height/Thickness $h$, Length $l$ (= hub length $L_h$).

Step 2 – Draw (i) Front View of Key:

1. The key is oriented with its length horizontal (same position as in assembly — along the shaft axis).
2. Draw a rectangle: length $l$ (horizontal) × height $h$ (vertical).
3. The top face of the key is flat; the bottom face is also flat (for a sunk key).
4. Show hidden lines if any (none for a simple rectangular sunk key in front view).
5. Mark centre line along the length.

Step 3 – Draw (ii) Top View of Key:

1. Project below the front view.
2. Draw a rectangle: length $l$ (horizontal) × width $w$ (vertical in top view).
3. Show centre lines.

---

Step 4 – Dimensioning (6 important dimensions across both parts):

$$\boxed{\text{1. Pulley outer diameter } D}$$
$$\boxed{\text{2. Pulley face width } B}$$
$$\boxed{\text{3. Bore diameter } d}$$
$$\boxed{\text{4. Hub diameter } d_h \text{ and Hub length } L_h}$$
$$\boxed{\text{5. Rim thickness } t_r}$$
$$\boxed{\text{6. Key: Width } w \times \text{Height } h \times \text{Length } l}$$

Step 5 – Title Block and Projection Symbol:
- Write title: SOLID C.I. PULLEY — DETAIL DRAWING
- Scale: 1:1
- Draw First-Angle Projection symbol in the title block.
- Label each part: "PULLEY" and "KEY" with part numbers.

---

Key Drawing Notes (Board Exam Tips):
- In the sectional front view of the pulley, hatch only the solid material (rim, web, hub walls) — leave the bore empty.
- The keyway in the bore appears as a rectangular notch: width = $w$, depth = $h/2$ (half the key height goes into the hub).
- In the RH side view, the keyway is shown as a small rectangle at the top of the bore circle (since the key sits on top of the shaft).
- For the key's front view, it is a simple rectangle — no hatching (it is an external view, not a section).
- The top view of the key shows its plan: a rectangle $l \times w$.
- In First-Angle Projection: RH side view → placed to the LEFT of front view; Top view → placed BELOW front view.

Final Answer: Detail drawings of (a) Pulley — lower half sectional front view and RH side view, and (b) Key — front view and top view — are drawn at Scale 1:1 in First-Angle Projection with 6 dimensions and title block as described above (refer to Fig. 7.9 solution in the textbook).