Shapes Around Us (3D Shapes)

Given: A drum is a cylinder shape — it has two flat circular faces and a curved surface.

Instruments similar in shape (cylinder) to a drum: Tabla and Dholak (both are cylindrical in shape).

Answer: Circle the tabla and dholak (or any cylindrical instrument shown in the picture).

Given: A matka (earthen pot) is similar to a sphere or a rounded/oval 3D shape.

Instruments similar in shape to a matka: Instruments that are round/sphere-like, such as a ghatam (clay pot drum).

Answer: Tick the instrument(s) that are round and sphere-like in shape (similar to a matka).

Given: A shehnai is a wind instrument that is narrow/tubular at one end and wider (cone-like) at the other end.

The shehnai is similar in shape to a cone or a combination of cylinder and cone.

Answer: Tick the cone-shaped option from the choices given.

Given:
- A harmonium is box-shaped (like a cuboid — it has 6 flat rectangular faces, 12 edges, and 8 corners).
- A drum is cylinder-shaped (it has 2 flat circular faces and 1 curved surface, with no corners).

Difference:
- The harmonium has flat faces and sharp corners/edges, like a cuboid.
- The drum has curved surfaces and circular faces, like a cylinder.
- The harmonium has 8 corners, but the drum has no corners.

Answer: The harmonium is shaped like a cuboid (box) with flat faces and corners, whereas the drum is shaped like a cylinder with curved surfaces and no corners.

This is an activity-based question meant for class discussion.

Sample Answer: Yes, I have seen a tabla at home. My grandfather plays it. The tabla is cylindrical in shape. It has two circular flat faces on the top and bottom and a curved surface around it. It is played by beating the top face with hands.

(Students should share their own experiences about any instrument they have seen or played — e.g., drum, harmonium, flute, etc.)

Concept used: Objects in each group share a common 3D shape. The one that does NOT belong to the same shape group is the odd one out.

General approach:
- Look at each group of objects.
- Identify the common shape (e.g., all cylinders, all cuboids, all spheres).
- The object that has a different shape is the odd one out — cross it.

Example: If a group has a tin can, a drum, a pipe, and a box — the box (cuboid) is the odd one out because the rest are cylinders.

Answer: Cross the object in each row that has a different 3D shape from the others in that group.

(Note: Since the actual image is not visible, students should apply the above logic to the objects shown in their textbook.)

Concept used: Every object around us resembles a 3D solid shape.

Matching guide:
- Drum / Tabla / Dholak → Cylinder (2 circular faces, 1 curved surface)
- Harmonium / Gift box / Chalk box → Cuboid (6 rectangular faces, 12 edges, 8 corners)
- Ball / Matka (rounded) → Sphere (1 curved surface, no edges, no corners)
- Ice cream cone / Funnel → Cone (1 circular face, 1 curved surface, 1 corner)
- Dice / Sugar cube → Cube (6 square faces, 12 equal edges, 8 corners)

Answer: Draw lines matching each instrument/object to its correct solid shape as described above.

(Note: Since the actual image is not visible, students should use the above matching guide with the objects shown in their textbook.)

Concept used:
- Stars are placed on each FACE of the shape.
- Ribbon stripes are placed on each EDGE of the shape.
- Pompom balls are placed on each CORNER of the shape.

Key facts about common 3D shapes:

Cube:
- Faces = 6, Edges = 12, Corners = 8
- Stars = 6, Ribbon stripes = 12, Pompom balls = 8

Cuboid (rectangular box):
- Faces = 6, Edges = 12, Corners = 8
- Stars = 6, Ribbon stripes = 12, Pompom balls = 8

Cylinder:
- Faces = 2 (flat circular faces) + 1 curved surface = 3 surfaces, Edges = 2 (curved), Corners = 0
- Stars = 2 (flat faces), Ribbon stripes = 2, Pompom balls = 0

Cone:
- Faces = 1 (flat circular face) + 1 curved surface, Edges = 1 (curved), Corners = 1
- Stars = 1, Ribbon stripes = 1, Pompom balls = 1

Sphere:
- Faces = 1 curved surface, Edges = 0, Corners = 0
- Stars = 0 (no flat face), Ribbon stripes = 0, Pompom balls = 0

Filled Table:

| Object | Stars (Faces) | Ribbon Stripes (Edges) | Pompom Balls (Corners) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cube | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Cuboid | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Cylinder | 2 | 2 | 0 |

(Students should fill the table for the specific objects shown in their textbook using the values above.)

Concept used: Properties of 3D shapes — faces, edges, and corners.

Definitions:
- Face: A flat or curved surface of a 3D shape.
- Edge: A line where two faces meet.
- Corner (Vertex): A point where edges meet.

Complete Table:

| Object | I look like a | Faces | Edges | Corners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dice / Sugar cube | Cube | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Chalk box / Brick | Cuboid | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Ice cream cone | Cone | 2 (1 flat + 1 curved) | 1 | 1 |
| Tin can / Drum | Cylinder | 3 (2 flat + 1 curved) | 2 | 0 |
| Ball | Sphere | 1 (curved) | 0 | 0 |
| Matchbox / Book | Cuboid | 6 | 12 | 8 |
| Party hat | Cone | 2 (1 flat + 1 curved) | 1 | 1 |
| Pipe / Glass | Cylinder | 3 (2 flat + 1 curved) | 2 | 0 |

Note: For a cone and cylinder, the 'curved surface' is counted as a face at the Class 2 level.

(Students should match the objects shown in their textbook to the correct row and fill accordingly.)

Concept used: Corners (vertices) are the pointed tips/meeting points of edges in a 3D shape.

No Corners (0 corners):
A. Ball (Sphere) — 0 corners
B. Tin can (Cylinder) — 0 corners
C. Bangle / Ring — 0 corners

One Corner (1 corner):
A. Ice cream cone (Cone) — 1 corner
B. Party hat (Cone) — 1 corner
C. Funnel (Cone) — 1 corner

Three Corners:
(Note: Common 3D shapes do not have exactly 3 corners. A triangular pyramid/tetrahedron has 4 corners. At Class 2 level, this may refer to a triangular prism or a shape made from clay/cardboard.)
A. Triangular prism — 6 corners (if this column means something else, students should refer to their textbook image)

Eight Corners (most likely the blank is 8):
A. Cube — 8 corners
B. Cuboid (box) — 8 corners
C. Brick — 8 corners

Answer: Fill in the names of objects from your surroundings that match the number of corners as described above.

Object with four faces: A Triangular Pyramid (Tetrahedron).

Steps:
1. Draw 4 equilateral triangles on a cardboard sheet (one large triangle with 3 smaller triangles attached to its sides — this is called a net).
2. Cut along the outer edges.
3. Fold along the inner lines.
4. Stick the edges together with glue or tape.

Result: You will get a 3D shape (triangular pyramid) that has 4 triangular faces.

Answer: A triangular pyramid has 4 faces, 6 edges, and 4 corners.

Object with one face: A Sphere (like a ball) has only 1 curved face.

Steps to make using clay/dough:
1. Take a ball of clay or dough.
2. Roll it between your palms to make it perfectly round.
3. You have made a sphere — it has only 1 curved surface (face), 0 edges, and 0 corners.

Alternatively, using cardboard:
1. Cut a circle from cardboard.
2. Roll it into a cone shape — but a cone has 2 faces.
3. The easiest way is to use clay to make a round ball (sphere).

Answer: A sphere has only 1 face (curved surface), no edges, and no corners.