Beyond Earth

We match each item in Column I with the correct item in Column II using our knowledge of the Solar System:

- (i) Satellite of Earth → (d) Moon
The Moon is the natural satellite that revolves around the Earth.

- (ii) Red planet → (c) Mars
Mars appears reddish due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface, so it is called the Red Planet.

- (iii) Constellation → (a) Orion
Orion is a well-known constellation — a group of stars forming a recognisable pattern in the sky.

- (iv) Planet which is commonly called an evening star → (b) Venus
Venus is very bright and is often visible near the western horizon after sunset, so it is called the Evening Star (it is also called the Morning Star when visible before sunrise).

Final Matching:
(i) → (d), (ii) → (c), (iii) → (a), (iv) → (b)

Let us find each letter one by one:

First letter: Present in MAN but not in CAN.
- MAN has letters M, A, N
- CAN has letters C, A, N
- The letter present in MAN but not in CAN is M.

Second letter: Present in ACE and also in FAN.
- ACE has letters A, C, E
- FAN has letters F, A, N
- The common letter is A.

Third letter: Present in RAT but not in CAT.
- RAT has letters R, A, T
- CAT has letters C, A, T
- The letter present in RAT but not in CAT is R.

Fourth letter: Present in SUN but not in FUN.
- SUN has letters S, U, N
- FUN has letters F, U, N
- The letter present in SUN but not in FUN is S.

Putting the letters together: M – A – R – S

Answer: MARS — Mars is a planet that moves around the Sun.

Here are two sample riddles following the same format:

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Riddle 1 (Answer: VENUS)

My first alphabet is in VAN but not in BAN
My second alphabet is in EAR and also in BED
My third alphabet is in NUT but not in BUT
My fourth alphabet is in USE but not in ICE
My fifth alphabet is in SIT but not in BIT
I am a planet that is called the Evening Star.

*(V – E – N – U – S = VENUS)*

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Riddle 2 (Answer: EARTH)

My first alphabet is in EGG but not in AGG
My second alphabet is in ARM but not in IRM
My third alphabet is in RAT but not in BAT
My fourth alphabet is in THE but not in SHE
My fifth alphabet is in HAT but not in BAT
I am the planet on which we live.

*(E – A – R – T – H = EARTH)*

Correct answer: (i) Sirius

Justification: Sirius is a star (in fact, the brightest star visible from Earth) located far outside our Solar System, in the constellation Canis Major. Comets, asteroids, and Pluto (a dwarf planet) are all members of our Solar System. Hence, Sirius is NOT a member of our Solar System.

Correct answer: (ii) Pluto

Justification: Jupiter, Neptune, and Saturn are three of the eight recognised planets of our Solar System. Pluto was earlier considered a planet but has been reclassified as a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Therefore, Pluto is not a planet of the Sun.

Given: We need to compare the brightness of the Pole Star and Sirius as seen from Earth.

Answer: Sirius is the brighter star.

Explanation:
- Sirius is the brightest star visible in the night sky from Earth. It is located in the constellation Canis Major and appears very bright and prominent.
- The Pole Star (Polaris) is not very bright; it is described as a star that is "not very bright" but is important because of its nearly fixed position in the northern sky, directly above the North Pole.
- Therefore, Sirius is much brighter than the Pole Star.