Proportional Reasoning-2 — Revision Notes
CBSE · Class 8 · Mathematics
Proportional Reasoning-2 revision notes for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics: 4 topics in quick points. Part of the CBSE Class 8 Mathematics syllabus.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Proportionality and Cross-Multiplication
- Two ratios are proportional when they keep the same relationship.
- Idli batter ratios 6:3 and 4:2 are proportional because their cross products are equal.
- The ratio 2:1 represents 2 cups of rice to 1 cup of urad dal.
2. Ratios with More than Two Terms
- Ratios can have more than two terms when several quantities change together.
- Viswanath’s spice mix ratio is 8:4:2:1.
- Puneet’s scaled-down spice mix ratio is 4:2:1:0.5, which is proportional to Viswanath’s.
3. Dividing a Whole in a Ratio
- To divide a whole in a given ratio, first add all the ratio terms.
- 12 divided in the ratio 2:1 gives 8:4.
- For 12 in the ratio 2:1, the sum of parts is 3 and each part is 4.
4. Ratios in Maps and Representative Fraction
- A Representative Fraction is a ratio between map distance and actual ground distance.
- RF 1:60,00,000 means 1 cm on the map equals 60,00,000 cm on the ground.
- 60,00,000 cm equals 60 km.
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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