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Chapter 8 of 8
NCERT Solutions

Follow that Dream

CBSE · Class 9 · English

NCERT Solutions for Follow that Dream — CBSE Class 9 English.

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Reflect and Respond

1What is your dream?Show solution
My dream is to become a doctor and help people live healthy lives.

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2Who inspires you to dream?Show solution
Parents and teachers inspire me to dream because they guide me, encourage me, and help me believe in my abilities.

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3What qualities should you have in order to fulfil your dream?Show solution
To fulfil a dream, a person should have passion, determination, patience, hard work, self-belief, courage, and the willingness to sacrifice. The chapter says that greatness comes through effort and sacrifice, and that one must keep going even when the road is difficult.

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4Abdul Kalam said, “Dream is not that you see in sleep, dream is something that does not let you sleep.” Discuss.Show solution
Abdul Kalam’s words mean that a real dream is not just something we imagine while sleeping. It is a strong goal or ambition that keeps us restless and motivated. Such a dream does not let us sleep because we think about it all the time and work hard to achieve it.

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IIWhat role can parents and community play to help children achieve their dreams?Show solution
Parents can support children by encouraging them, guiding them wisely, and helping them plan for the future. Community can help by providing opportunities, motivation, resources, and a positive environment so that children can work towards their dreams confidently.

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IIIComplete the given web chart. Give as many reasons as you can.Show solution
Reasons why it is important to follow a dream include:
- it gives purpose to life
- it helps a person grow and improve
- it brings happiness and satisfaction
- it encourages hard work and discipline
- it can lead to success and greatness
- it helps a person do what they love best
- it inspires others too

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IImagine that you are the person in the image.Show solution

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1What emotions do you feel standing at the base of a difficult task?Show solution
At the base of a difficult task, I may feel nervous, afraid, unsure, and anxious, but also a little excited about the challenge ahead.

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2What might make you take the first step?Show solution
What might make me take the first step is self-belief, the desire to achieve my goal, encouragement from others, and the thought that I may grow if I try.

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IIThink about a time when you had to face a challenge.Show solution

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1What was it, and how did you feel at the start of the journey?Show solution
I would feel worried and uncertain at the start of the journey, but also hopeful that I could succeed if I kept trying.

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2How did you feel once you made the decision to move forward?Show solution
Once I decided to move forward, I would feel braver, more confident, and determined to face the challenge.

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IIIWhat does the phrase 'believe in yourself' mean to you? Write some words or phrases you associate with believing in yourself.Show solution
To me, believing in yourself means trusting your abilities, staying positive, and not giving up easily. Words and phrases I associate with it are confidence, courage, self-trust, determination, positivity, and perseverance.

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4Select the correct meaning of 'status quo' based on the given sentence.

Even though some kids wanted to try new activities, most of them were happy with the status quo and didn't want any changes.
Show solution
The correct meaning of status quo is a situation in which things remain the same.

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IVSelect the correct meaning of 'status quo' based on the given sentence.Show solution
The correct meaning of status quo is a situation in which things remain the same.

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Check Your Understanding

2Reaching the peak of skill in a field typically demands a focused and intense dedication for about a decade.Show solution
The extract says that to reach world-class standard in any field, one must pursue it intensively for at least ten years.

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3The mother believes that significant effort and personal sacrifices are essential for turning aspirations into reality.Show solution
The mother clearly says to count the cost in years of effort, financial investments and sacrifice, so the statement is true.

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4The path to achieving the deepest desires has very little difficulty or a few obstacles.Show solution
The mother says the road may be uphill most of the way and there will be many obstacles, so the statement is false.

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5The mother is of the opinion that a person's life goals and hopes can evolve over time.Show solution
The mother says that life itself may change a person’s dreams, so dreams and hopes can evolve over time.

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6Having a strong network of individuals can be a hurdle in pursuing one's ambition.Show solution
The support network is presented as a help, not a hurdle. So the statement is false.

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7The mother feels that pursuing a major life goal will not involve any financial expense or sacrifice.Show solution
The mother mentions financial investments and sacrifice as part of pursuing a dream, so the statement is false.

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8For many individuals, their aspirations remain just wishes because they don't move beyond mere daydreaming.Show solution
The mother says many people never get beyond wishful thinking, so their dreams remain only wishes.

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IBased on your understanding of the poem, select the correct central idea for each stanza from the options given.Show solution
The correct ideas are:
- Stanza 1: (i) because the speaker says it is just you and the future, stressing personal responsibility.
- Stanza 2: (i) because fear and uncertainty make choices difficult.
- Stanza 3: (ii) because growth needs leaving comfort behind.
- Stanza 4: (ii) because the first step is hard, but self-belief keeps you moving.

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Stanza 1(i) Facing challenges requires personal responsibility and a clear focus on one's future.
(ii) Facing challenges is a journey best taken with support and guidance from others.
Show solution
The stanza says, “It's just you and the future / And where you want to be.” This shows that facing challenges is a personal responsibility and needs clear focus on the future.

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Stanza 2(i) Fear and uncertainty make it difficult to make choices as the future approaches.
(ii) Facing the future with confidence makes choices easier and more straightforward.
Show solution
The stanza says, “Will it pull you forward / Or push you back in fear?” and “Difficult are choices / When the future is getting near.” This means fear and uncertainty make choices hard.

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Stanza 3(i) Personal growth involves finding balance between comfort and change.
(ii) Personal growth requires leaving behind comfort and embracing change.
Show solution
The lines say, “There is such ease in comfort / To maintain the status quo, / But this isn't what we are made for / This isn't how we grow.” So personal growth means leaving comfort and embracing change.

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Stanza 4(i) The first step towards change may feel easy if you place your trust in others to guide you and provide support.
(ii) The first step towards change is difficult, but having self-belief and confidence helps you stay on track.
Show solution
The stanza says, “The first step is the hardest” and “You just need to believe in yourself / For your future to be on track.” So the correct idea is that the first step is difficult, but self-belief helps.

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IIRhyme Scheme

Fill in the blank to complete the following sentence.

The poem follows a simple, yet effective rhyme scheme ______ that flows steadily through each stanza.
Show solution
The poem has a regular ABAB rhyme scheme in each stanza, which gives it a steady flow.

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IIITone

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Show solution
1. The overall tone is motivational and encouragingTrue.
2. The tone moves from reflective to determined by the end — True.

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1The overall tone of the poem is motivational and encouraging.Show solution
The poem encourages the reader to face challenges, believe in oneself, and move forward, so the statement is True.

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2The tone shifts from thoughtful in the beginning to one of determination by the end of the poem.Show solution
The poem begins thoughtfully, considering fear and choice, and ends with confidence and determination, so the statement is True.

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IVSpeaker

Fill in the blanks with the correct options from those given in the brackets.

The speaker in this poem is not distant; rather, he/ she comes across as a ________ (stranger/guide) who understands the struggle and is encouraging the reader to take ________ (interest in/control of) his/her own future.

The use of direct address 'You' creates a close connection, as though the speaker is ________. (talking directly to the reader/addressing the reader from a distance)
Show solution
The speaker seems like a guide who understands the struggle and encourages the reader to take control of the future. The direct address “You” makes it feel as if the speaker is talking directly to the reader.

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VImagery

Match the phrases from the poem in Column 1 with the imagery they represent in Column 2. An extra representation is given.
Show solution
- There is no crowd to see... shows a solitary journey and individual effort → (ii).
- push you back in fear? evokes the mental barrier that stops growth → (iii).

So the matching is: 1–ii, 2–iii.

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VISymbolism

Select the words/phrases from the box below to complete the given sentences.
Show solution
- status quo represents stagnation and fear of change.
- The future symbolises the unknown, and stepping into it requires courage.
- The first step symbolises the initial leap of faith required to begin the journey of self-improvement.

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VI1Comfort and the status quo represent _________ and fear of change, symbolising the comfort zone that holds one back.Show solution
Comfort and the status quo represent stagnation and fear of change, holding a person back.

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VI2The future symbolises the _________, the potential for change and success that lies ahead but requires _________ to step into.Show solution
The future symbolises the unknown, and stepping into it requires courage.

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VI3The first step symbolises the initial _________ required to begin the journey of _________ or personal development.Show solution
The first step symbolises the initial leap of faith required to begin the journey of self-improvement.

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VIIMetaphor

The poet uses a metaphor in the line, 'The first step is the hardest'. Explain why this is metaphorical.
Show solution
The line is metaphorical because “the first step” does not mean only a physical step. It stands for the beginning of a difficult change or challenge. Calling it “the hardest” shows that starting is the most difficult part of personal growth.

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VIIIThe poem uses antithesis in a couple of lines.

Antithesis is a rhetorical device that pairs contrasting or opposite ideas in a parallel grammatical structure to highlight differences or create emphasis. It simplifies complex ideas through contrast, making them easier for readers or listeners to understand.

Consider the famous quote from Neil Armstrong when he stepped onto the moon:

"Setting foot on the moon may be a small step for a man, but a giant leap for mankind."

Here, the antithesis lies in contrasting the 'small step' for an individual with the 'giant leap' for all humanity. The parallel structure of the two phrases highlights the incredible significance of this event, presenting it as both a personal and massive achievement.

Other examples:

- Speech is silver, but silence is gold.
- Patience is bitter, but it has a sweet fruit.
- Man proposes, God disposes.

Identify the lines from the poem that show antithesis and explain why it is so.
Show solution
The lines that show antithesis are:

- “There is such ease in comfort / To maintain the status quo”
- “But this isn't what we are made for / This isn't how we grow”

They present opposite ideas: comfort/status quo versus growth/change. This contrast highlights that staying comfortable stops personal development, while change leads to growth.

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1State whether the following sentences are true or false. Share your answers with your classmates and teacher.Show solution
The poem supports all these ideas:
1. Facing challenges needs personal responsibility and focus — True.
2. Facing challenges is best taken with support and guidance — False as a central idea of this poem; the poem stresses self-belief.
3. Fear and uncertainty make choices harder — True.
4. Confidence makes choices easier — True.
5. Personal growth means leaving comfort and embracing change — True.
6. The first step is hard, but self-belief helps — True.

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I(i)Facing challenges requires personal responsibility and a clear focus on one's future.Show solution
The correct statement is the one that matches the poem’s message: facing challenges requires personal responsibility and a clear focus on the future.

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I(ii)Facing challenges is a journey best taken with support and guidance from others.Show solution
The correct statement is the one that matches the poem’s message about the role of support and guidance.

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I(i)Fear and uncertainty make it difficult to make choices as the future approaches.Show solution
This statement matches the poem’s idea that fear and uncertainty make choices difficult.

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I(ii)Facing the future with confidence makes choices easier and more straightforward.Show solution
This is the correct statement because confidence helps one move ahead more easily.

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I(i)Personal growth involves finding balance between comfort and change.Show solution
The poem says growth does not come from comfort alone; it comes from stepping out and changing.

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I(ii)Personal growth requires leaving behind comfort and embracing change.Show solution
The poem clearly supports the idea that growth needs us to move beyond comfort.

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I(i)The first step towards change may feel easy if you place your trust in others to guide you and provide support.Show solution
The poem says the first step is the hardest, and self-belief helps a person continue and stay on track.

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I(ii)The first step towards change is difficult, but having self-belief and confidence helps you stay on track.Show solution
This option matches the poem’s message exactly.

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IIFill in the blank to complete the following sentence.

The poem follows a simple, yet effective rhyme scheme ______ that flows steadily through each stanza.
Show solution
The poem follows a steady ABAB rhyme scheme.

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IVFill in the blanks with the correct options from those given in the brackets.

The speaker in this poem is not distant; rather, he/ she comes across as a ________ (stranger/guide) who understands the struggle and is encouraging the reader to take ________ (interest in/control of) his/her own future.

The use of direct address 'You' creates a close connection, as though the speaker is ________. (talking directly to the reader/addressing the reader from a distance)
Show solution
The speaker comes across as a guide and encourages the reader to take control of the future. The direct address makes it feel like the speaker is talking directly to the reader.

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VMatch the phrases from the poem in Column 1 with the imagery they represent in Column 2. An extra representation is given.Show solution
- There is no crowd to see...(ii) suggests a solitary journey.
- push you back in fear?(iii) evokes the mental barrier that prevents growth.

So the correct match is 1–ii, 2–iii.

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VIIThe poet uses a metaphor in the line, 'The first step is the hardest'. Explain why this is metaphorical.Show solution
The line “The first step is the hardest” is metaphorical because “the first step” stands for the beginning of a new challenge or change, not just a literal step. It suggests that starting something new is the most difficult part, which is a comparison made without using like or as.

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VIIIIdentify the lines from the poem that show antithesis and explain why it is so.Show solution
The antithesis is shown in the lines “There is such ease in comfort / To maintain the status quo, / But this isn't what we are made for / This isn't how we grow.”

It is antithesis because it presents contrasting ideas in parallel: comfort/status quo versus growth/challenge. The poem shows that staying comfortable and unchanged is opposite to the idea of personal growth.

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IIIState whether the following statements are true or false.Show solution
The statements are answered from the poem and chapter ideas:

1. True — the poem is motivational and encouraging.
2. True — the tone begins thoughtfully and ends with determination.
3. False — comfort and the status quo are not the same as growth.
4. True — the speaker encourages self-belief.
5. False — the poem says the first step is the hardest.
6. False — the poem supports change, not remaining unchanged.
7. True — self-belief helps one stay on track.
8. True — the poem suggests one must move beyond comfort and fear.

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VISelect the words/phrases from the box below to complete the given sentences.Show solution
The blanks take the Latin expressions as follows:

(i) e.g. means for example.
(ii) quid pro quo means a favour or advantage given in return.
(iii) etc. means and so on.
(iv) per se means by itself.
(v) ad hoc means for a specific purpose.
(vi) in media res means starting in the middle of the action.

So the completed answers are: e.g., quid pro quo, etc., per se, ad hoc, in media res.

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Critical Reflection

1(i)Complete the analogy with a suitable word from the extract.
enthusiasm: passion:: belief: \_\_\_\_\_
Show solution
In the extract, passion matches with enthusiasm, so belief matches with conviction.

Thus, enthusiasm : passion :: belief : conviction.

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1(ii)Choose the correct option to complete the following sentence appropriately.

The author says that a realistic assessment of effort, investment and sacrifice is crucial for preventing \_\_\_\_\_.
Show solution
The author says that before chasing a dream, one should count the cost of years of effort, financial investments and sacrifice. This realistic assessment helps prevent giving up too soon when the work becomes difficult.

So the correct option is B. an early abandonment of the dream.

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1(iii)Complete the following with the correct option from those given in the brackets.

The word 'plunge' as used in the extract indicates a \_\_\_\_\_ (complete/gradual) involvement in a task.
Show solution
The word “plunge” means to throw oneself into an activity at once. So it indicates a complete involvement in a task, not a gradual one.

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1(iv)Complete the sentence with an appropriate reason.

The author's emphasis on 'when you are doing what you love best and are doing the right thing' works as a form of intrinsic motivation because \_\_\_\_\_.
Show solution
This works as intrinsic motivation because the person is driven by personal love for the task and the feeling that they are doing the right thing. Such motivation comes from within, so it helps them continue even without outside rewards.

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1(v)Mention one motivating factor besides ‘prospect of success’, that might keep a person on track, despite running out of stamina.Show solution
Besides the prospect of success, another motivating factor is doing what you love best. The author says a person is often buoyed up by the knowledge that they are doing the right thing.

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2(i)Complete the sentence appropriately.
The phrase ‘life itself may change a person’s dreams’ suggests that dreams are not static but rather ________. (evolving/dynamic)
Show solution
The phrase suggests that dreams can change with life experiences. So dreams are not static but rather dynamic.

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2(ii)What does the author mean by, ‘hopes and aspirations are no less than the original dream of younger days’?Show solution
The author means that the new hopes and aspirations a person develops later in life are just as important and valuable as the dreams they had in their youth. Even if the dream changes, it still deserves effort and respect.

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2(iii)Identify the phrase from the extract that indicates a complex and challenging journey.Show solution
The phrase “a maze of hurdles” shows that the journey is complicated, full of obstacles, and difficult to navigate.

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2(iv)Complete the sentence with an appropriate reason.

The author says, ‘people who are participants in your dreamscape would be many more’ because ________.
Show solution
The author says this because pursuing a dream usually involves many more people over a longer time, such as family, mentors, colleagues, and supporters. A bigger dreamscape means a wider support system.

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2(v)What is the tone of the author in this extract?Show solution
The author encourages Ming while also speaking realistically about obstacles. The tone is therefore optimistic and encouraging.

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1The letter begins thus, ‘By all means follow that dream’. What do you think Ming must have written to her mother about?Show solution
Ming may have written to her mother about a dream or ambition she wanted to pursue. She might have asked whether she should follow it, or shared her doubts, plans, or interest in a particular field such as studies, sports, arts, or a career.

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2How can one attain an international level of skill in any field? Mention any two ways.Show solution
One can attain an international level of skill by:

1. Pursuing the subject intensely and exclusively for many years — the letter says at least ten years of focused work are needed.
2. Investing effort, time, money, and sacrifice — one must count the cost and commit fully to the task.

These two factors show sustained dedication and hard work.

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3What differentiates the mere dreamers from actual achievers?Show solution
The mere dreamers remain at the level of wishful thinking and do not take action. The actual achievers are those who have a strong conviction, accept the costs, and plunge into the task with effort, sacrifice, and commitment.

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4How does Ming’s mother use critical questions and personal anecdotes to persuade Ming and convey her message effectively?Show solution
Ming’s mother persuades her by combining critical questions, practical advice, and personal experience. She asks Ming to think realistically about the time, effort, and sacrifice needed. She also gives examples from her own life and from others’ lives to show that dreams can change, obstacles can arise, and support from others is important. This makes her message both convincing and thoughtful.

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5How does Ming's mother balance encouragement with caution in her advice?Show solution
Ming’s mother is encouraging because she says, “By all means follow that dream.” At the same time, she is cautious because she reminds Ming to consider the cost, the obstacles, the time required, and the possibility that dreams may change. So she supports the dream, but in a realistic way.

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6In the letter, Ming's mother specifically addresses the challenges people face in pursuing their dreams. Do you think this advice is still relevant in contemporary society? If yes, why? If no, why not?Show solution
Yes, the advice is still relevant today. People still face obstacles such as financial pressure, competition, family responsibilities, and changing life situations. Many dreams need patience, planning, and sacrifice. The letter’s message teaches that dreams should be followed with both passion and practical thinking, which is true even now.

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7What 'costs' in terms of effort, sacrifice, and time are you willing or unwilling to invest to pursue your goals?Show solution
This is a personal response. A suitable answer is:

I am willing to invest time, regular effort, and some sacrifice of comfort and leisure to pursue my goals. I am willing to work hard and stay disciplined, but I would not want to sacrifice my health or basic responsibilities.

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1(i)What does the line, 'There is no crowd to see' suggest about facing challenges?Show solution
The line suggests that facing challenges is something personal and solitary. There is no audience to watch or support you at that moment; you must confront the challenge yourself and focus on your own future.

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1(ii)Complete the following suitably.

The line 'It's just you and the future' suggests that ______.
Show solution
The line suggests that you alone must face the future and make choices about where you want to go. It shows personal responsibility and self-direction.

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1(iii)Fill in the blank with the appropriate word/phrase from the extract.

Latha will ______ her efforts to improve her vocal performance by practicing harder each day.
Show solution
The phrase from the extract is “buoyed up”. So the sentence becomes: Latha will buoy her efforts ... However, in standard usage, the extract actually uses buoyed up. Since the blank asks for the word/phrase from the extract, the best fit is buoyed up.

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1(iv)Select the most suitable title for the extract.

A. The Struggles of Change

B. Facing the Future Alone

C. A Journey of Growth

D. The Power of Fear
Show solution
The extract is about stepping into change, personal effort, fear, and growth. The most suitable title is C. A Journey of Growth.

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1(v)Complete the analogy by using a word from the extract.

achieve: goal : : face : ______
Show solution
The analogy is based on words from the extract:

achieve : goal :: face : challenge

So the answer is challenge.

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2What is the significance of the metaphor, 'The first step is the hardest' in the context of personal growth?Show solution
The metaphor 'The first step is the hardest' means that starting a new task, change, or goal is usually the most difficult part. In personal growth, this shows that the biggest challenge is often overcoming fear, hesitation, and self-doubt at the beginning. Once a person takes that first step, it becomes easier to continue moving forward.

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3What message does the antithesis in the poem convey about the nature of personal development?Show solution
The antithesis in the poem contrasts comfort/status quo with growth/change. It conveys that personal development does not happen by staying safe and unchanged; it happens when a person leaves comfort behind and accepts challenges. The message is that growth requires courage, effort, and movement forward.

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4Do you think the poet's message is realistic in the context of real-world struggles? (Clue: Evaluate whether simply 'believing in yourself' is enough to overcome obstacles or other factors are also necessary.)Show solution
Yes, the poet's message is realistic, but believing in yourself alone is not enough. Self-belief is important because it gives courage to begin and keep going. However, real-world struggles also require planning, hard work, preparation, support, and perseverance. So the poem gives the right motivation, but success usually needs more than confidence alone.

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IIThe phrase, 'status quo' is a Latin expression that translates to 'the state in which' or 'the existing state of affairs.' Over time, it has become a popular term used in English to refer to the current situation or condition, especially when things remain unchanged.

There are other Latin terms commonly used in English. Read a few given below along with their meanings.
Show solution
The correct Latin expression is e.g., which means for example. So the sentence becomes: *I enjoy reading fantasy books, e.g. Harry Potter and Magical Paint Brush.*

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(i)I enjoy reading fantasy books, ______ Harry Potter and Magical Paint Brush.Show solution
e.g. means for example, which fits the sentence.

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(ii)After helping Tanya with the homework, Ritu asked for a ______ to borrow her notes next time.Show solution
A quid pro quo is a favour or advantage given in return for something. Here, Ritu asked for a return favour after helping Tanya.

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(iii)I love all kinds of outdoor activities, such as trekking, hiking, biking, ______.Show solution
etc. means and so on, which fits the list of outdoor activities.

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(iv)The park is not very special ______; it becomes more fun when you visit with friends.Show solution
Per se means by itself or in itself. The sentence says the park is not special by itself; it becomes more fun with friends.

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(v)We created an ______ team to organise the school festival.Show solution
Ad hoc means for a specific purpose or situation. The team was created specially for the school festival.

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(vi)The movie started ______, with the hero already fighting the villain in a huge battle.Show solution
In media res means into the middle of things. The movie started in the middle of an action scene, so this expression fits.

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IIThe line, 'Will it pull you forward/or push you back in fear?' is a rhetorical question.

A rhetorical question is a question that doesn't require an answer because it is used to make the reader think or reflect on a particular idea.

1. Read the following rhetorical questions and state what they intend to achieve.
(i) Isn't it obvious that we must act now? Don't we all have a responsibility to make a change?
(ii) Will we let fear control us, or will we rise above it?
2. Match the situations in Column 1 to the rhetorical questions in Column 2.
Show solution
The rhetorical questions are used to make the reader think deeply, question fear, and reflect on personal responsibility and courage. They do not need direct answers; instead, they encourage self-reflection and action.

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1(i)Read the following rhetorical questions and state what they intend to achieve.
(i) Isn't it obvious that we must act now? Don't we all have a responsibility to make a change?
Show solution
These rhetorical questions aim to create urgency and make people realise that they have a responsibility to act now instead of waiting. They encourage the reader to think about duty and change.

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1(ii)Will we let fear control us, or will we rise above it?Show solution
This rhetorical question aims to challenge fear and encourage the reader to choose courage instead. It makes us think about whether we will let fear stop us or overcome it.

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2(i)Deciding whether to stand up for what is rightShow solution
The situation deciding whether to stand up for what is right matches the rhetorical question "How can we stay silent when we know what is right?"

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2(ii)Owning up to a mistake made in a group project
2(iii)Deciding whether to try something challenging, like public speaking
2(iv)Choosing between two career paths
2(v)Deciding whether to apologise for a mistake
2(vi)Trying something new and stepping out of your comfort zone
1(v)Complete the analogy by using a word from the extract.

achieve: goal : : face: ______
1(i)Complete the analogy with a suitable word from the extract.
enthusiasm: passion:: belief: ________
1(ii)Choose the correct option to complete the following sentence appropriately.

The author says that a realistic assessment of effort, investment and sacrifice is crucial for preventing ________.
1(iii)Complete the following with the correct option from those given in the brackets.

The word 'plunge' as used in the extract indicates a ________ (complete/gradual) involvement in a task.
1(iv)Complete the sentence with an appropriate reason.

The author's emphasis on 'when you are doing what you love best and are doing the right thing' works as a form of intrinsic motivation because ________.
1(iv)Select the most suitable title for the extract.
II4Consider a situation where you or someone you know had to take a difficult first step towards a goal. How does the poem's message about the importance of self-belief apply to this situation?
IIAnswer the following questions.

1. The letter begins thus, ‘By all means follow that dream’. What do you think Ming must have written to her mother about?
2. How can one attain an international level of skill in any field? Mention any two ways.
3. What differentiates the mere dreamers from actual achievers?
4. How does Ming’s mother use critical questions and personal anecdotes to persuade Ming and convey her message effectively?

Vocabulary and Structures in Context

IIRead each sentence carefully and choose the best meaning for the underlined expression. Then, use that expression in a sentence of your own.
II1She had a dream that seemed to burn in her blood, and she wasn't going to give up on it easily.
(i) make her angry
(ii) have a passionate desire
(iii) cause physical pain
(iv) become violent
II2Preparing for the final exam without proper notes felt like an uphill task.
(i) a tough challenge
(ii) a slow progress
(iii) a hard routine
(iv) a difficult choice
II3The team was buoyed up by their recent victory and felt confident about the next game.
(i) energised by success
(ii) encouraged by the result
(iii) motivated to improve
(iv) lifted in spirit
II4He thought he could ace the exam without studying, but that was just wishful thinking.
(i) a clever shortcut but no real effort behind it
(ii) a confident guess but lacking proper knowledge
(iii) a hopeful belief but unlikely to be true
(iv) a strong desire but based on facts and planning
II5Don't be a wet blanket—we're trying to have fun!
(i) spoil-sport
(ii) latecomer
(iii) rule-breaker
(iv) daydreamer
II6Excitement was coursing through her veins as she stepped onto the stage for the first time.
(i) hiding deep inside
(ii) flowing through her body
(iii) lingering in her thoughts
(iv) causing numbness
IIIRead the following sentence from the text.

After all the obstacles are considered, if the burning conviction is still coursing through your veins, then go ahead and do something about it.

Here, the first conditional is used to talk about real or possible situations in the future. Sometimes, instead of saying 'will + verb' in the main clause, we use an imperative (a command or advice).

Complete the sentences using your own words (imperatives):
III1If the idea excites you, ____________________.
III2If you hear strange noises, ____________________.
III3If this seems too hard, ____________________.
III4If you care about the issue, ____________________.
III5If you finish early, ____________________.
IVRead the following sentences from the text. Analyse the usage of 'could' and match the sentences with their functions given in the box below.
VComplete the following sentences using ‘could’ with the functions mentioned within brackets.
V1I wish _________ without worrying about money.
(unreal or hypothetical)
V2They _________ the shorter route, but they didn’t know about it. (past possibility or speculative)
V3When I was younger, I _________ without stopping. (past ability)
V4She _________ the library right now—she had mentioned it. (possibility)
5___________ repeat the question? I didn’t hear it clearly. (formal/polite request)
VIFill in the blanks with suitable grammatical forms of the words given in brackets.
1Fill in the blanks in the following dialogue between two friends with the words given in the box.

SNEHA Your Goa pictures were beautiful! That
(i) _________ was dreamy.

KIRAN Thanks! It was way better than our usual
(ii) _________, so peaceful.

SNEHA I get that. But sometimes the city lights have their own charm.

KIRAN True, but I'm craving a quiet (iii) _________.
Forests, hills—something real.

SNEHA Yes, nature clears the (iv) _________,
doesn't it?

KIRAN Exactly. Let's plan a trip that soothes—
inside and out.
IV1It could be in any field—sports, science, arts, business or design.
IV2"I wish I could be this or the other," they have never got beyond just wishful thinking.
IV3They could have preferred to trade their dream for security.
IV4I know too, of people who had wished to finish secondary school but they had to go out to work so that they could support their siblings through school.
V5_________ repeat the question? I didn’t hear it clearly. (formal/polite request)
VI1It 1. _________ (help) students gain practical knowledge and develop real-world skills.
VI2Traditionally, students 2. _________ (learn) by listening to lectures and memorising facts, but experiential learning has changed this process.
VI3In an experiential setting, students 3. _________ (work) on projects, solve problems, and take part in activities that reflect real-life challenges.
VI4They 4. _________ (apply) what they have learned in class to new and unfamiliar situations.
VI5For example, a student studying science 5. _________ (conduct) experiments to test a theory, while a business student 6. _________ (analyse) a case study to understand market trends.
VI7After completing a task, learners 7. _________ (must/reflect) on what went well and what could be improved.
VI8This reflection 8. _________ (help) them build a deeper understanding of the topic.
VI9Educators believe that experiential learning 9. _________ (be) more effective than passive learning methods because it is engaging and meaningful.
VI10In the future, more schools and universities 10. _________ (incorporate) experiential learning into their curriculum to prepare students for the real world.
1She had a dream that seemed to burn in her blood, and she wasn't going to give up on it easily.
2Preparing for the final exam without proper notes felt like an uphill task.
3The team was buoyed up by their recent victory and felt confident about the next game.
4He thought he could ace the exam without studying, but that was just wishful thinking.
5Don't be a wet blanket—we're trying to have fun!
6Excitement was coursing through her veins as she stepped onto the stage for the first time.
1Complete the sentences using your own words (imperatives):
11. It could be in any field—sports, science, arts, business or design.
2. "I wish I could be this or the other," they have never got beyond just wishful thinking.
3. They could have preferred to trade their dream for security.
4. I know too, of people who had wished to finish secondary school but they had to go out to work so that they could support their siblings through school.
1I wish _________ without worrying about money.
1It 1. _________ (help) students gain practical knowledge and develop real-world skills. Traditionally, students 2. _________ (learn) by listening to lectures and memorising facts, but experiential learning has changed this process.

In an experiential setting, students 3. _________ (work) on projects, solve problems, and take part in activities that reflect real-life challenges. They 4. _________ (apply) what they have learned in class to new and unfamiliar situations. For example, a student studying science 5. _________ (conduct) experiments to test a theory, while a business student 6. _________ (analyse) a case study to understand market trends.

Reflection is key to this process. After completing a task, learners 7. _________ (must/reflect) on what went well and what could be improved. This reflection 8. _________ (help) them build a deeper understanding of the topic.

Educators believe that experiential learning 9. _________ (be) more effective than passive learning methods because it is engaging and meaningful. In the future, more schools and universities 10. _________ (incorporate) experiential learning into their curriculum to prepare students for the real world.
III1Complete the sentences using your own words (imperatives):

1. If the idea excites you, ____________________.
2. If you hear strange noises, ____________________.
3. If this seems too hard, ____________________.
4. If you care about the issue, ____________________.
5. If you finish early, ____________________.
V5__________ repeat the question? I didn’t hear it clearly. (formal/polite request)
VI1Fill in the blanks with suitable grammatical forms of the words given in brackets.

Experiential learning is an approach to education that focuses on learning through experience, action and reflection. It 1. _________ (help) students gain practical knowledge and develop real-world skills. Traditionally, students 2. _________ (learn) by listening to lectures and memorising facts, but experiential learning has changed this process.

In an experiential setting, students 3. _________ (work) on projects, solve problems, and take part in activities that reflect real-life challenges. They 4. _________ (apply) what they have learned in class to new and unfamiliar situations. For example, a student studying science 5. _________ (conduct) experiments to test a theory, while a business student 6. _________ (analyse) a case study to understand market trends.

Reflection is key to this process. After completing a task, learners 7. _________ (must/reflect) on what went well and what could be improved. This reflection 8. _________ (help) them build a deeper understanding of the topic.

Educators believe that experiential learning 9. _________ (be) more effective than passive learning methods because it is engaging and meaningful. In the future, more schools and universities 10. _________ (incorporate) experiential learning into their curriculum to prepare students for the real world.

Listen and Respond

1Vocational courses will begin in the month of ____.
2The objective of the courses is to prepare you with ____ for future studies and jobs.
3Offered courses include Graphic Design, ____, Web Application, and Entrepreneurship Skills, etc.
4Classes will be conducted by ____ at school.
5The application forms will be available at the ____.
6Choice of course will be given to ____ applicants.
1How did the boy feel before the play?
2According to the girl, where does confidence come from?
3What was the girl finally sure about regarding the boy?
IIYou will once again listen to the conversation. As you listen, select the four true statements from 1–7 given below.
1The boy feels confident but is worried about freezing on stage.
2The girl encourages the boy to push through his doubts by trusting in his preparation.
3The boy thinks that the audience will be supportive regardless of his performance.
4The girl believes that self-doubt is a normal part of preparing for a big performance.
5The boy feels that his preparation is not enough and doubts his abilities, even though he has practiced.
6The girl suggests that the boy should avoid feeling nervous and perform perfectly.
7The girl believes that pushing through nervousness will help the boy grow and build confidence.
IYou will listen to a conversation between two friends. As you listen, answer the following questions in one to three exact words that you hear. (Transcript for teacher on page 275)

Writing Task

IYou are passionate about pursuing a course in designing in future. You come across a summer workshop being conducted by a reputed design institute. Write an email to the Director of the institute enquiring the details of the workshop and expressing your interest in joining it.
IYour class is conducting the morning assembly. You have been asked to deliver a speech on the topic, 'Turning Challenges into Opportunities'. Draft this speech by following the guidelines given below.

Learning Beyond the Text

ICreate a Vision Board for yourself.
IIGreat personalities in history were inspired by their parents.
1Chhatrapati Shivaji’s mother, Jijabai, instilled in him a strong sense of dharma, patriotism, and justice. She told him tales from the *Ramayana* and *Mahabharata*, which shaped his leadership ideals and bravery.
2Queen Madālasa, wife of King Ritudhwaja, a revered figure from Indian scriptures, nurtured in her children a deep understanding of the soul and detachment from material desires. Her wisdom led her sons to seek spiritual liberation. Madālasa is a timeless example of a mother guiding her children on the path of enlightenment.
IExplore the stories of Indian leaders who faced significant challenges and turned them into opportunities for success.
IIAlways believe in yourself.
Do not limit yourself.
Be kind to yourself
And always believe in all that is good.

You have all the intelligence and ability that you need.
You can attain whatever you are after.
Even though it may not always come the way you
believe it should.
Be ready to achieve your dreams.

Believe in yourself when you're tested beyond
your endurance, continue and persist.
Hold on to courage.
Let laughter and encouragement surround you.

The world has much to give;
Always think big,
And keep your hands and heart open
For then you will receive
All of life's gifts.

Speaking Activity

IWork in pairs. Read the three Sayings/Proverbs given below. For each one, think of a real-life situation where it could apply. Do the suggested role play and use the Saying/Proverb.
IWork in groups of four. Each member of the group takes up one of the roles given below. Use the sentence prompts given under each role to present your role play.

Vocabulary in Context

IThe phrase 'status quo' is a Latin expression that translates to 'the state in which' or 'the existing state of affairs.' Over time, it has become a popular term used in English to refer to the current situation or condition, especially when things remain unchanged.

There are other Latin terms commonly used in English. Read a few given below along with their meanings.


| Latin expression | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 1. et cetera (etc.) | And other things; and so on |
| 2. exempli gratia (e.g.) | For example |
| 3. ad hoc | For a specific purpose or situation, often temporary |
| 4. in media res | Into the middle of things; starting at a crucial point of the story or situation |
| 5. per se | By itself; fundamentally |
| 6. quid pro quo | A favour or advantage given in return for something |


Now, fill in the blanks in the given sentences with the Latin expressions used in English from the table.

- (i) I enjoy reading fantasy books, ______ Harry Potter and Magical Paint Brush.
- (ii) After helping Tanya with the homework, Ritu asked for a ______ to borrow her notes next time.
- (iii) I love all kinds of outdoor activities, such as trekking, hiking, biking, ______.

(iv) The park is not very special ______; it becomes more fun when you visit with friends.
(v) We created an ______ team to organise the school festival.
(vi) The movie started ______, with the hero already fighting the villain in a huge battle.

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