Our Environment — Flashcards
Gujarat Board · Class 10 · Science
20 flashcards for Our Environment (Gujarat Board Class 10 Science) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is an ecosystem? Give examples"
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What is an ecosystem? Give examples of natural and artificial ecosystems.
Answer
An ecosystem consists of all interacting organisms (biotic components) in an area together with non-living constituents (abiotic components) of the environment. It includes living things like plants, …
Define producers, consumers, and decomposers with examples.
Answer
Producers: Organisms that make organic compounds from inorganic substances using sunlight and chlorophyll (e.g., green plants, some bacteria). Consumers: Organisms that depend on producers directly or…
What is a food chain? Explain trophic levels with an example.
Answer
A food chain is a series of organisms feeding on one another, showing the flow of energy. Each step forms a trophic level: 1st level - Producers (grass), 2nd level - Primary consumers/herbivores (rabb…
Why do food chains generally have only 3-4 steps?
Answer
At each trophic level, only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next level. The rest is lost as heat, used in digestion, doing work, and life processes. Due to this progressive loss of energy at…
How much energy from sunlight do green plants capture and convert to food energy?
Answer
Green plants in a terrestrial ecosystem capture about 1% of the sunlight energy that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy through photosynthesis. This captured energy then supports al…
What is a food web and how is it different from a food chain?
Answer
A food web is a complex network showing multiple interconnected food chains in an ecosystem. Unlike a simple linear food chain, organisms in a food web are eaten by multiple predators and may feed on …
Explain the two key characteristics of energy flow in an ecosystem.
Answer
1. Unidirectional flow: Energy flows in one direction only - from producers to consumers and never returns to the previous level. 2. Progressive diminishment: Energy available decreases at each succes…
What is biological magnification? Why is it harmful?
Answer
Biological magnification is the progressive accumulation of non-degradable harmful chemicals (like pesticides) at each trophic level. Since these chemicals cannot be broken down, their concentration i…
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