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Acids, Bases and Salt

Gujarat Board · Class 7 · Science

Quick revision notes for Acids, Bases and Salt — Gujarat Board Class 7 Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

45 questions5 concepts

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A two-panel illustration showing the titration of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid using phenolphthalein, demonstrating the color change from pink (basic) to colorless (neutral).
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Key Topics to Revise

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4.1 Acids and Bases — Meaning and Properties

  • Acids are substances that taste sour. The word 'acid' comes from the Latin word 'acere' meaning sour.
  • Examples of acids found in nature: citric acid (lemons, oranges), lactic acid (curd), acetic acid (vinegar), tartaric acid (tamarind, grapes), oxalic acid (spinach), ascorbic acid/Vitamin C (amla, cit
  • Bases are substances that taste bitter and feel soapy or slippery when touched.
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4.2 Natural Indicators — Litmus, Turmeric, and China Rose

  • Litmus is the most commonly used natural indicator. It is extracted from lichens (a plant-like organism).
  • Litmus has a mauve (purple) colour in distilled water.
  • In an acidic solution, litmus turns RED. In a basic solution, litmus turns BLUE.
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4.3 Neutralisation — The Reaction Between Acids and Bases

  • When an acid and a base are mixed in suitable amounts, they cancel out each other's properties. This process is called NEUTRALISATION.
  • In neutralisation, both the acidic nature and the basic nature are destroyed.
  • The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic — it is neutral.
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4.4 Neutralisation in Everyday Life

  • INDIGESTION: Stomach contains hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. Too much acid causes indigestion (acidity). Antacid medicines like milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) neutralise excess stomach
  • ANT BITE: When an ant bites, it injects formic acid (an acidic liquid) into the skin. Applying moist baking soda (sodium hydrogencarbonate) or calamine solution (contains zinc carbonate) neutralises t
  • SOIL TREATMENT: Excessive use of chemical fertilisers makes soil acidic. Plants do not grow well in highly acidic or highly basic soil. If soil is too acidic: treat with quick lime (calcium oxide) or

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Acids are substances that taste sourBases are substances that generally tasteNeutral substances are neither acidic norIndicators are special substances that changeNeutralisation is a chemical reaction

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Acids, Bases and Salt for Gujarat Board Class 7 Science?
Key topics in Acids, Bases and Salt include Acids, Bases and Salts – Chapter Overview, Complete Classification of Acids, Bases, and Salts, Chapter Overview: Acids, Bases and Salts. These are the concepts Gujarat Board Class 7 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Acids, Bases and Salt — Gujarat Board Class 7 Science?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 45 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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