The Circle
ICSE · Class 11 · Mathematics
Quick revision notes for The Circle — ICSE Class 11 Mathematics. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Get startedKey Topics to Revise
1. Basic ideas and terms
- A circle is the locus of all points in a plane equidistant from a fixed point.
- The fixed point is called the centre of the circle.
- The distance from the centre to any point on the circle is called the radius.
2. Standard equation of a circle
- The standard equation of a circle with centre (h,k) and radius r is (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2.
- If the centre is at the origin, the equation becomes x^2 + y^2 = r^2.
- This equation comes directly from the distance formula.
3. General equation of a circle
- The general equation of a circle is x^2 + y^2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
- Its centre is (-g,-f).
- Its radius is sqrt(g^2 + f^2 - c).
4. Diameter equation of a circle
- If the endpoints of a diameter are known, the circle can be found using the diameter equation.
- The equation is (x-x1)(x-x2) + (y-y1)(y-y2) = 0.
- This comes from the fact that the angle in a semicircle is a right angle.
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