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Syllabus

Human Beings and Nature — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 12 · Environmental Science

What Human Beings and Nature covers in ICSE Class 12 Environmental Science: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

70 questions42 flashcards5 concepts

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4 Topics · ICSE Class 12 Environmental Science · 2026-27

Topics in Human Beings and Nature

1

1. Environmental Movement and Early Milestones

  • The environmental movement is also called the ecological movement.
  • It includes conservation of nature, natural resources, and green policies.
  • It is a global movement with governmental bodies, NGOs, private citizens, scientists, politicians, religious devotees, professionals, and industrialists taking part.
2

2. Deep Ecology and Shallow Ecology

  • Deep Ecology was coined by Arne Naess in 1973.
  • Shallow Ecology was also coined by Arne Naess in 1973.
  • Deep Ecology values the non-human world intrinsically, not only for human use.
3

3. Stewardship of Land and Social Ecology

  • Stewardship of land is an ethic of responsible planning and management of resources.
  • It focuses on protecting and conserving natural resources through sustainable practices.
  • It is based on responsibility and care for land.
4

4. Socialist Ecology and Marxist Environmentalism

  • Socialist ecology merges Marxism, socialism, libertarian socialism, green politics, ecology, and anti-globalisation.
  • It argues that capitalism causes poverty, social exclusion, environmental degradation, and war.
  • It supports common ownership of production and restoration of depleted resources.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Human beings and their relationship with nature through ecological thought, environmental ethics, green politics, and sustainable development

Environmental movementModern schools of ecological thoughtDeep EcologyShallow EcologyStewardship of LandSocial EcologySocialist EcologyMarxist Environmentalism

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Human Beings and Nature for ICSE Class 12 Environmental Science?
Key topics in Human Beings and Nature include Environmental Movement and Early Milestones, Deep Ecology and Shallow Ecology, Stewardship of Land and Social Ecology, Socialist Ecology and Marxist Environmentalism. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Human Beings and Nature for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 70 practice questions on Human Beings and Nature. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All ICSE Class 12 Environmental Science Syllabus

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