Rural Settlements

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A settlement is a grouping of houses or huts with a certain layout plan. It includes buildings used for residence or other purposes, such as pens for animals or stores for equipment, as well as the st…

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Settlements are of two main types: rural and urban. Rural settlements are smaller and are mainly linked to primary activities like agriculture. Urban settlements are larger and are mainly linked to se…

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Rural settlements have a small population, varying from 10-20 to 1,000 persons. They are usually village-based and have fewer modern facilities than urban settlements.

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An urban settlement in India must support a minimum population of 5,000 persons. A further criterion is a minimum population density of 400 persons per square kilometre.

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A hamlet is the smallest rural settlement cluster. It generally consists of 6 to 12 huts. In dispersed settlements, a hamlet may also be used more loosely for a small cluster of 2 to 5 or 8 huts.

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A clustered or nucleated settlement is a compact group of houses built close together, usually around a central point. The streets are narrow and winding, and the settlement often has a clear layout s…

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Water is the most important single factor determining settlement clustering in dry areas. Houses gather around wells, ponds, or oases because water is essential for survival, farming, and daily life.

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Compact settlements arose historically in North India because village communities needed defence against invasions and internal enemies. Living together in a compact form made protection easier during…