Locational Settings of India

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India is called a subcontinent because it is a vast landmass with major physical and cultural diversity. It includes the Himalayas, the Great Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Thar Desert, and Peninsular India…

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The Himalayas form the lofty mountain range in the north of India. They are partly permanently ice-covered and separate India from the rest of Asia. They also help define India’s physical setting and …

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The Great Indo-Gangetic Plain is the fertile plain south of the Himalayas. It is known for its rich soil and is one of the most important agricultural regions of India.

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The Thar Desert is the western part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain area mentioned in the chapter context. It represents the dry western region of this vast land system.

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Peninsular India is the uneven plateau region south of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It is surrounded by the Eastern Coastal Plain on the east and the Western Coastal Plain on the west.

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India extends from 8° 4′ north to 37° 6′ north latitude and from 68° 7′ east to 97° 25′ east longitude. Its latitudinal and longitudinal extent is about thirty degrees each.

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India’s latitudinal extent is about one-third the angular distance between the Equator and the North Pole. This shows that India stretches far from south to north.

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India’s longitudinal extent is about one-twelfth of the circumference of the Equator. This explains why there is a time difference between the eastern and western parts of the country.