Psychological Disorders and Psychotherapy — Flashcards

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A psychological disorder or mental disorder is a condition characterised by abnormal thoughts, behaviours, and feelings. It usually causes distress, reduces adjustment, and interferes with daily funct…

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The four Ds are deviant, dysfunctional, distressing, and dangerous behaviour. Deviant behaviour breaks social norms, dysfunctional behaviour interferes with daily activities, distressing behaviour cau…

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Abnormality can be seen as a failure to function adequately. Signs include suffering, maladaptiveness, unconventional behaviour, unpredictability, irrationality and incomprehensibility, observer disco…

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The modern perspectives are biological or medical, psychological, and socio-cultural. The psychological perspective includes psychodynamic, behavioural, humanistic, and cognitive views.

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This perspective explains abnormal behaviour in terms of faulty genes, physical illness, brain or nervous system damage, and chemical or hormonal imbalance. Low activity of GABA may lead to anxiety di…

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The psychological perspective explains abnormal behaviour through faulty learning, unconscious repressed desires and motives, irrational thoughts, and distorted perceptions. It includes psychoanalytic…

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Freud's psychodynamic view says abnormality results from conflicts between unconscious desires and conscious motives. Primitive sexual and aggressive urges are repressed, and when they affect consciou…

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The socio-cultural perspective explains abnormal behaviour as a result of adverse social and cultural conditions such as poverty, unemployment, lack of education, prejudice, poor support, and negative…