Classification of Animals

Reptiles have dry, scaly skin and lay soft-shelled eggs on land; Amphibians have slimy skin and lay eggs in water

Step 1: Reptilia have DRY and SCALY skin, breathe through lungs, and lay soft-shelled eggs on LAND. Step 2: Amphibia have SLIMY and SLIPPERY skin, breathe through lungs AND skin, and MUST lay eggs in WATER. Step 3: Option A is completely wrong – reptiles do NOT breathe through skin or gills; they use only lungs. Step 4: Option C is wrong because it reverses the facts – Amphibia are the ones that live both in water and on land (their name means 'double life'). Step 5: Option D is wrong – hollow bones are a feature of Aves (birds), not reptiles.

Porifera

Step 1: The key features described are: sessile (fixed, cannot move), porous body (many tiny pores), and no definite shape. Step 2: Porifera means 'pore-bearing' – sponges have many tiny pores (ostia) to draw water in and one large pore to push water out. They are fixed to the ocean floor or rocks. Step 3: Echinodermata (starfish, sea urchins) move using tube feet – they are NOT sessile. Step 4: Cnidaria (jellyfish, hydra) have a sac-like body with tentacles and can move. Step 5: Mollusca (snails, octopus) move with a muscular foot and have a soft body enclosed in a shell.

All birds have wings and are capable of flying.

Step 1: We need to find the INCORRECT statement about Aves. Step 2: Options A, C, and D are all correct features of birds – hollow bones help in flight, females lay hard-shelled eggs, and birds have beaks without teeth. Step 3: Option B says ALL birds can fly – this is INCORRECT. Some birds like the ostrich (largest bird), penguin, and kiwi CANNOT fly, even though they have wings. Step 4: This is a common misconception – having wings does not always mean the bird can fly. Penguins use their wings to swim instead. Step 5: So the incorrect statement is that all birds are capable of flying.

Eats food with unwashed hands or eats unwashed fruits and vegetables

Step 1: Ascaris is a roundworm belonging to phylum Nematoda that lives as a parasite in the small intestine of humans. Step 2: Ascaris infection occurs when its eggs (found in contaminated soil or dirty surfaces) are ingested through unwashed hands, unwashed fruits, or unwashed vegetables. Step 3: Drinking boiled water kills germs and actually PREVENTS infection – this is a protective measure. Step 4: Mosquito bites spread diseases like malaria or dengue, not Ascaris infection. Step 5: Swimming in the sea does not cause Ascaris infection. The correct prevention is always washing hands before e