Endocrine System and Adolescence — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 8 · Biology
35 flashcards for Endocrine System and Adolescence (ICSE Class 8 Biology) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "What is a hormone?"
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What is a hormone?
Answer
A hormone is a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland, directly poured into the bloodstream, and carried to a target organ or cell. Hormones work in very small amounts but have important ef…
What is the difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands?
Answer
Exocrine glands send their secretions through ducts to target organs. Endocrine glands are ductless and pour their secretions directly into the blood. Salivary glands and the pancreas as a digestive g…
Where is the thyroid gland located, and what does it secrete?
Answer
The thyroid gland is a bilobed gland situated on either side of the wind pipe, just below the larynx. It secretes thyroxine.
What is thyroxine and what does it do?
Answer
Thyroxine is an iodine-containing protein hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. It speeds up the rate of most body activities and stimulates growth in infants.
Why is iodised salt recommended?
Answer
Iodised salt is recommended because iodine is needed for the production of thyroxine. Without enough iodine, the thyroid gland cannot make thyroxine properly.
What causes simple goitre?
Answer
Simple goitre is caused by insufficient iodine in food. The thyroid gland enlarges, and a swelling appears in the neck.
What is cretinism?
Answer
Cretinism is an ailment caused by insufficient thyroxine in infants. It leads to abnormal development and causes physical and mental retardation.
What is myxoedema?
Answer
Myxoedema is a condition seen in adults when too little thyroxine is produced. It causes sluggishness and swelling of the face and hands.
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