Endocrine System and Adolescence — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 8 · Biology
Summary of Endocrine System and Adolescence for ICSE Class 8 Biology. Part of the ICSE Class 8 Biology syllabus.
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Overview
The endocrine system controls many body activities through hormones. Endocrine glands are ductless glands that pour secretions directly into the blood, while exocrine glands send secretions through ducts. The main endocrine glands studied here are the thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and pituitary glands
Key Concepts
Exocrine glands send secretions through ducts
Exocrine glands send secretions through ducts to target organs. Endocrine glands have no ducts and pour secretions directly into the blood. Hormones a
A hormone is a chemical substance
A hormone is a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland, which is directly poured into the blood stream and acts on a target organ or cell.
The thyroid gland is a bilobed
The thyroid gland is a bilobed gland on either side of the wind pipe, just below the larynx. It secretes thyroxine, an iodine-containing protein that
Insufficient thyroxine causes simple goitre
Insufficient thyroxine causes simple goitre, cretinism, and myxoedema. Simple goitre is caused by iodine deficiency and causes swelling in the neck. C
The adrenal glands are like caps
The adrenal glands are like caps over the kidneys and have two parts: medulla and cortex. The medulla secretes adrenaline, also called epinephrine or
Learning Objectives
- Understand the difference between exocrine glands and endocrine glands
- Define hormone and explain its role in the body
- Learn the location, secretion, and function of the thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and pituitary glands
- Understand the effects of too little or too much secretion of certain hormones
- Explain adolescence, puberty, and the changes that occur during this period
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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