Biodiversity

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Biodiversity is the total variety of life and the interactions among organisms within ecosystems. It includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

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Biodiversity helps ecosystems stay stable, productive, and resilient. It supports air, water, food, medicines, raw materials, and natural balance in nature.

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The three main types are genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

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Genetic diversity arises due to mutations, gene flow, genetic drift, and sexual reproduction. These processes create differences in genes within a species.

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Traditional rice varieties have greater genetic diversity, so they are often better able to resist floods or pests. Genetically uniform varieties are more vulnerable because many plants respond in the…

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Species diversity is the variety, number, and relative abundance of different species in an ecosystem or habitat.

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Tropical rainforests have warm temperatures and abundant rainfall, which support many species. Deserts have harsh dry conditions, so fewer species can survive there.

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Species richness is the total number of different species found in an area.