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Transition and Inner transition Elements

Maharashtra Board · Class 12 · Chemistry

Quick revision notes for Transition and Inner transition Elements — Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

44 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Position and Electronic Configuration

  • Transition elements: Groups 3-12, periods 4-7 with general configuration (n-1)d¹⁻¹⁰ns¹⁻²
  • Four series: 3d (Sc to Zn), 4d (Y to Cd), 5d (La to Hg), 6d (Ac to Cn)
  • Chromium anomaly: [Ar]3d⁵4s¹ instead of [Ar]3d⁴4s² (half-filled stability)
2

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Physical: Hard, lustrous, high melting/boiling points, good conductors, metallic character
  • Atomic radii decrease gradually across period due to increasing nuclear charge
  • Ionization enthalpies increase gradually across period, intermediate between s and p blocks
3

Color and Magnetic Properties

  • Colored compounds due to d-d transitions absorbing visible light
  • Color depends on: number of unpaired electrons, ligands, geometry
  • Colorless ions: d⁰ (Sc³⁺, Ti⁴⁺) and d¹⁰ (Cu⁺, Zn²⁺) configurations
4

Catalytic Properties and Applications

  • Excellent catalysts due to variable oxidation states and vacant d-orbitals
  • Homogeneous catalysis: same phase as reactants
  • Heterogeneous catalysis: different phase, provides reaction surface

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Transition elements have (nTransition elements show multiple oxidation statesParamagnetism arises from unpaired electronsColored compounds result from dTransition metals act as excellent catalysts

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Transition and Inner transition Elements for Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry?
Transition and Inner transition Elements covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Maharashtra Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Transition and Inner transition Elements — Maharashtra Board Class 12 Chemistry?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 44 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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