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Biotechnology and its Applications — Revision Notes

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Biology

Biotechnology and its Applications revision notes for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Biology: 4 topics in quick points.

42 questions80 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating the diverse applications of biotechnology, including therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture, bioremediation, and waste treatment.
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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Biotechnology in Agriculture

  • Three main approaches for increasing food production are agro-chemical based agriculture, organic agriculture, and genetically engineered crop-based agriculture.
  • The three critical research areas of biotechnology are providing improved catalysts, creating optimal engineering conditions, and downstream processing technologies.
  • Explants are any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube under sterile conditions in special nutrient media.
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2. Biotechnology in Medicine

  • Recombinant DNA technology has made a major impact in healthcare by enabling mass production of safe and effective therapeutic drugs.
  • Recombinant therapeutics do not induce unwanted immunological responses like products isolated from non-human sources.
  • About 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use worldwide, and 12 are marketed in India.
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3. Transgenic Animals

  • Transgenic animals have extra foreign DNA introduced and expressed in their bodies.
  • Transgenic rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows, and fish have been produced.
  • Over 95 per cent of all existing transgenic animals are mice.
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4. Ethical Issues, Patents, and Biopiracy

  • Genetic modification of living organisms needs regulation because it can have unpredictable results in ecosystems.
  • GEAC is the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee and makes decisions on the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM organisms for public services.
  • The Indian Government set up GEAC for safety and regulatory decisions.

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Key Concepts

Biotechnology deals with industrialAn explant is any partMicropropagation is the production of thousandsThe meristemProtoplasts from two different plant varieties

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Biotechnology and its Applications for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Biology?
Key topics in Biotechnology and its Applications include Biotechnology in Agriculture, Biotechnology in Medicine, Transgenic Animals, Ethical Issues, Patents, and Biopiracy. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Biotechnology and its Applications for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Biotechnology and its Applications. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Biology Revision Notes

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