An Imperial Capital: Vijaynagara — Revision Notes
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · History
An Imperial Capital: Vijaynagara revision notes for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 History: 4 topics in quick points.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. Discovery of Hampi and the study of Vijayanagara
- The ruins at Hampi were brought to light in 1800 by Colin Mackenzie, a British engineer, surveyor, cartographer and antiquarian.
- Mackenzie was an employee of the English East India Company and later became the first Surveyor General of India in 1815; he held the post till his death in 1821.
- His early information came from the memories of priests of the Virupaksha temple and the shrine of Pampadevi.
2. Foundation, dynasties, and political changes
- According to tradition and epigraphic evidence, Harihara and Bukka founded Vijayanagara in 1336.
- The Sangama dynasty was the first ruling dynasty and controlled the empire till 1485.
- The Saluva dynasty, made up of military commanders, ruled from 1485 to 1503.
3. Krishnadeva Raya: expansion, statecraft, and imperial image
- Krishnadeva Raya was the most famous ruler of Vijayanagara and ruled from 1509 to 1529.
- He belonged to the Tuluva dynasty.
- He expanded and consolidated the empire.
4. Rayas, nayakas, and military administration
- Nayakas were military chiefs who usually controlled forts and had armed supporters.
- The amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of Vijayanagara.
- It was likely derived from the iqta system of the Delhi Sultanate.
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