Communication Services

Standing motionless during the singing of the national anthem

Step 1: Gestural communication involves the use of various parts of the human body or body language to convey a message. Step 2: Option A (chart of animals) is Visual Communication — it uses pictures and diagrams. Step 3: Option B (school bell) is Aural Communication — it uses sound from an instrument. Step 4: Option C (reading a notice) is Written/Visual Communication. Step 5: Option D (standing motionless during national anthem) uses the body to express respect and convey a message — this is Gestural Communication. Other examples include saluting the national flag, waving hands, and showing

Telegram

Step 1: Each means of communication has a different charging structure. Step 2: Telephone charges are based on the duration (time) of the call and distance. Step 3: Fax charges are based on the number of pages and telephone line usage. Step 4: E-mail is generally free or charged based on internet usage, not word count. Step 5: Telegram charges are specifically payable on the basis of the number of words used in writing the message, including the address of the receiver and sender's name. This is why telegraphic messages are written in brief — to save cost.

Long distance communication within the country

Step 1: The telephone chapter mentions two special facilities — STD and ISD. Step 2: STD stands for Subscriber Trunk Dialing, which facilitates long-distance communication within the country (e.g., calling from Delhi to Mumbai). Step 3: ISD stands for International Subscriber Dialing, which is used for international communication between countries. Step 4: Internal communication within an office uses PABX (Private Automatic Branch Exchange). Step 5: SMS (Short Messaging Service) is a feature of mobile phones, not related to STD. Therefore, STD = long distance calls within the country.

It enables instant transmission of handwritten or printed documents over any distance

Step 1: Let us examine what each option describes. Step 2: 'Face-to-face conversation' describes telephone or video conferencing — not fax. Step 3: 'Stores messages in computer memory for later retrieval' describes Voice Mail. Step 4: 'Allows participants to see each other while talking' describes Video Conferencing. Step 5: Fax (facsimile) uses telephone lines to send an exact copy (replica) of any handwritten or printed document — letters, diagrams, graphs, sketches — instantly to another fax machine at the receiving end, over any distance. This instant transmission of documents is its main