Skip to main content
Super TutorResources
Chapter 3 of 31
QuestionsNotesFlashcardsSummaryFormulasQuizConceptsSyllabusPlan
Revision Notes

Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia

NIOS · Class 12 · Biology

Quick revision notes for Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia — NIOS Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

5 concepts

Interactive on Super Tutor

Studying Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia? Get the full interactive chapter.

Quizzes, flashcards, AI doubt-solver and a step-by-step study plan — built for revision notes and more.

Try Super Tutor — Free

1,000+ Class 12 students started this chapter today

Key Topics to Revise

1

3.1 Kingdom Plantae - Overview and Main Divisions

  • Plants are multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic autotrophs (rarely heterotrophs) with cellulosic cell walls
  • All plants are embryophytes (have embryos) - this is the defining characteristic separating them from algae
  • Kingdom Plantae is divided into three major divisions based on presence/absence of vascular tissue and seeds
2

3.2 Bryophyta - The Amphibians of Plant Kingdom

  • Bryophytes complete their life cycle in both water and on land - hence 'amphibians of plant kingdom'
  • They lack vascular tissues (no xylem or phloem) - cannot transport water against gravity, limiting height
  • Main plant body is GAMETOPHYTIC (haploid) - this is the dominant, independent phase
3

3.3 Pteridophyta - True Vascular Plants Without Seeds

  • Pteridophytes (ferns) are lower vascular plants - contain xylem (water transport) and phloem (nutrient transport)
  • Main plant body is SPOROPHYTIC (diploid) - the dominant independent phase (opposite to bryophytes)
  • Have true roots (penetrate soil), stems (rhizomes - underground horizontal stems), and leaves (fronds)
4

3.4 Spermatophyta - Seed-Producing Plants

  • Spermatophyta (sperma = seed, phyte = plant) - the most advanced plant division
  • Seeds are the key innovation allowing complete independence from water in reproduction
  • All spermatophytes have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) enabling large terrestrial plants

Get complete notes with diagrams and examples

Full Notes

Key Concepts

Kingdom Plantae consists of multicellularBryophytes are the simplest embryophytes lackingPteridophytes (ferns) are the first plantsSpermatophytes represent the highest divisionAngiosperms are classified into two major

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia for NIOS Class 12 Biology?
Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia covers several key topics that are frequently asked in NIOS Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia — NIOS Class 12 Biology?
Start by understanding all key concepts. Practise previous year questions from this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly. Use flashcards for quick revision before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

More resources for Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia

All 31 chapters — NIOS Class 12 Biology Revision Notes

For serious students

Get the full Kingdoms Plantae And Animalia chapter — for free.

Quizzes, flashcards, AI doubt-solver and a step-by-step study plan for NIOS Class 12 Biology.

Try Super Tutor Free
Try the full chapter — Free