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Absorption, Transport And Water Loss In Plants

NIOS · Class 12 · Biology

Quick revision notes for Absorption, Transport And Water Loss In Plants — NIOS Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

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Key Topics to Revise

1

8.1 Four Basic Phenomena - Permeability, Diffusion, Osmosis, and Plasmolysis

  • Permeability is the property of a membrane to allow passage of substances. Plant cell walls are fully permeable; biological membranes are selectively permeable
  • Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from high to low concentration, independent of membrane presence. Requires fully permeable membrane if one is present
  • Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration region
2

8.2 Water Potential and Related Concepts

  • Water potential (ψ) is the energy or tendency of water molecules to do work or leave a system
  • Pure water has the highest water potential set as zero (ψ = 0)
  • Solutions have negative water potential values because dissolved solutes reduce available water molecules
3

8.3 Absorption of Water by Plants

  • Water is primarily absorbed by root hairs (modified epidermal cells) from soil capillary water
  • Root hairs increase surface area for water absorption
  • Water can also be absorbed by leaves and stems in some cases
4

8.4 Translocation of Organic Solutes (Phloem Transport)

  • Translocation is the movement of organic and inorganic solutes from one plant part to another
  • Phloem is the tissue responsible for translocating sugars produced in photosynthesis
  • Leaf is the source where food (sugars) is produced through photosynthesis

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Key Concepts

Permeability is the property ofDiffusion is the spontaneous interminglingOsmosis is a special typeSolutions are classified based on theirPlasmolysis occurs when a cell

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