Climate of India
Telangana Board · Class 10 · Social Studies
Quick revision notes for Climate of India — Telangana Board Class 10 Social Studies. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
Climate vs Weather
- Weather refers to atmospheric conditions (temperature, pressure, winds, humidity, clouds, precipitation) at a particular time and place
- Weather conditions fluctuate frequently, even within short periods
- Climate refers to average weather conditions over a large area for 30 or more years
Factors Influencing Climate (Climatic Controls)
- Four main factors: Latitude, Land-water relationship, Altitude, Upper air circulation
- Latitude: Temperature decreases as we move away from equator
- India lies between 8°N and 37°N - divided by Tropic of Cancer into tropical and temperate zones
Seasons in India
- Three main seasons: Winter (Nov-Feb), Summer (Mar-May), Monsoon (Jun-Sep), Post-monsoon (Oct-Nov)
- Winter: Pleasant weather, clear sky, low humidity, cool breeze
- January is usually coldest month, temperature may drop below 10°C
Monsoon System
- India's climate strongly influenced by monsoon winds
- Monsoon = seasonal reversal of wind system (Arabic origin)
- Southwest monsoon (June-September): Main rainy season
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