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Tools and Techniques

CBSE · Class 11 · Biotechnology

Quick revision notes for Tools and Techniques — CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

90 questions108 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Microscopy

  • Magnification is the ability by which retinal image size can be increased via a microscope.
  • Resolving power is the ability to form separate images of two objects situated very close to each other.
  • Total magnification of a compound microscope equals objective magnification multiplied by eyepiece magnification.
2

Centrifugation

  • Centrifugation separates particles or molecules based on densities under the influence of gravitational force by spinning them at high speed.
  • Differential centrifugation separates particles differing in size and density.
  • Density-gradient centrifugation separates particles of similar size but differing in densities.
3

Electrophoresis

  • Electrophoresis is a separation method based on charge-to-mass ratio of macromolecules under an electric field.
  • The word electrophoresis means movement under electricity.
  • In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated by size only.
4

ELISA

  • ELISA is a quantitative method for measuring antigen and antibody concentration in a sample.
  • ELISA was invented by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlman in 1971.
  • An enzyme-linked detection system produces a coloured product that is measured using a spectrophotometer or ELISA reader.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Microscopy increases the visible sizeMagnification is the increase in retinalCentrifugation separates particles under the influenceElectrophoresis separates charged molecules underBromophenol blue is a common tracking

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Tools and Techniques for CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology?
Tools and Techniques covers several key topics that are frequently asked in CBSE Class 11 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Tools and Techniques — CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 90 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All 12 chapters — CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology Revision Notes

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