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Syllabus

Tools and Techniques — Syllabus

CBSE · Class 11 · Biotechnology

What Tools and Techniques covers in CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology syllabus.

90 questions108 flashcards2 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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4 Topics · CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology · 2026-27

Topics in Tools and Techniques

1

Microscopy

  • Magnification is the ability by which retinal image size can be increased via a microscope.
  • Resolving power is the ability to form separate images of two objects situated very close to each other.
  • Total magnification of a compound microscope equals objective magnification multiplied by eyepiece magnification.
2

Centrifugation

  • Centrifugation separates particles or molecules based on densities under the influence of gravitational force by spinning them at high speed.
  • Differential centrifugation separates particles differing in size and density.
  • Density-gradient centrifugation separates particles of similar size but differing in densities.
3

Electrophoresis

  • Electrophoresis is a separation method based on charge-to-mass ratio of macromolecules under an electric field.
  • The word electrophoresis means movement under electricity.
  • In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated by size only.
4

ELISA

  • ELISA is a quantitative method for measuring antigen and antibody concentration in a sample.
  • ELISA was invented by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlman in 1971.
  • An enzyme-linked detection system produces a coloured product that is measured using a spectrophotometer or ELISA reader.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Tools and Techniques in Biotechnology

MicroscopyCentrifugationElectrophoresisELISAChromatographySpectroscopyMass spectrometryFISH

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Tools and Techniques for CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology?
Key topics in Tools and Techniques include Microscopy, Centrifugation, Electrophoresis, ELISA. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Tools and Techniques for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 90 practice questions on Tools and Techniques. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology Syllabus

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