Enzymes and Bioenergetics
CBSE · Class 11 · Biotechnology
Complete topic list for Enzymes and Bioenergetics in CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Enzymes and Bioenergetics
1. Enzymes: Basic Features and Structure
- Enzymes catalyse biochemical reactions in vivo and in vitro.
- Enzymes are highly specific and have great catalytic power.
- All enzymes are proteins except a small group of catalytic RNA molecules called ribozymes.
2. Classification of Enzymes and Isozymes
- The International Union of Biochemistry adopted enzyme classification in 1964 based on the type of reaction catalysed.
- Enzymes are classified into 6 major classes, and translocase was later added as a 7th class.
- Oxidoreductases catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.
3. Enzyme Specificity and Active Site
- Enzymes are highly specific because of their substrate-binding properties and the arrangement of catalytic groups.
- The active site is a small, clearly defined pocket or cleft on the enzyme where the substrate fits.
- The active site has a three-dimensional structure.
4. Models of Enzyme Action
- In 1894, Emil Fischer proposed the Lock and Key Model.
- In this model, the active site is pre-shaped and complementary to the substrate.
- The substrate fits into the enzyme like a key fits into a lock.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Enzymes and Bioenergetics
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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