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Syllabus

Climate — Syllabus

CBSE · Class 11 · Geography

What Climate covers in CBSE Class 11 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the CBSE Class 11 Geography syllabus.

80 questions80 flashcards5 concepts

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4 Topics · CBSE Class 11 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in Climate

1

1. Nature of Climate and Weather

  • Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere.
  • Climate is the average of weather conditions over a longer period of time.
  • Weather can change within a day or a week, while climate changes slowly and is noted over long periods.
2

2. Factors Controlling the Climate of India

  • India's climate is controlled by latitude, the Himalayan Mountains, distribution of land and water, distance from the sea, altitude, and relief.
  • The Tropic of Cancer passes through the central part of India, dividing it into a northern sub-tropical and temperate zone and a southern tropical zone.
  • The Himalayan Mountains block cold winds from the north and trap monsoon winds, forcing them to release moisture.
3

3. Regional Variations in Temperature and Rainfall

  • India shows very large regional and seasonal variation in temperature.
  • In summer, western Rajasthan may touch 55 degree Celsius, while in winter around Leh temperature may fall to minus 45 degree Celsius.
  • Agra and Darjiling lie on the same latitude, but January temperature is much lower in Darjiling because of altitude.
4

4. Inter Tropical Convergence Zone and Monsoon Onset

  • The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone is a low pressure zone at the equator where trade winds converge and air rises.
  • In July, the ITCZ shifts to around 20 degree N to 25 degree N over the Gangetic plain and is called the monsoon trough.
  • The northward shift of the ITCZ helps the southeast trades cross the Equator and become southwest monsoon winds.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Climate of India as a monsoon-controlled system with strong regional variation

Weather and climateMain controls of climateLatitude and Tropic of CancerHimalayan MountainsLand and water distributionDistance from the seaAltitudeRelief

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Climate for CBSE Class 11 Geography?
Key topics in Climate include Nature of Climate and Weather, Factors Controlling the Climate of India, Regional Variations in Temperature and Rainfall, Inter Tropical Convergence Zone and Monsoon Onset. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Climate for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 80 practice questions on Climate. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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