CBSE Class 4 EVS — NCERT Solutions

(Note: The actual picture is not visible in the OCR, but a model description is provided below based on the chapter context.)

In the picture of Chandan's village, I can see:

• Small houses with tiled or thatched roofs surrounded by trees and fields.
• A dirt road connecting the houses and leading to the market or school.
• People going about their daily work — farmers in the fields, women carrying water, children playing.
• A small shop or market area where people buy and sell goods.
• A pond or well where villagers collect water.
• Trees and green fields around the village showing a close connection between people and nature.

The village looks peaceful and shows how people live and work together as a community.

Below is a completed version of the table:

Shopkeeper

• Sells goods like food items, clothes and products for daily needs.
• Sells local products.
• Provides employment to helpers and delivery workers, thus supporting livelihoods in the community.

Road

• Connects people living in different areas.
• Allows easy movement of goods and services.
• Helps children reach school and workers reach their workplaces safely and quickly.

Health Centre

• Provides treatment for illness.
• Offers vaccination and health check-ups to keep the community healthy.
• Educates people about cleanliness, nutrition and disease prevention.

Police

• Provides safety.
• Helps in times of accidents, emergencies or natural disasters.
• Maintains law and order so that people can live peacefully.

School

• Provides education and helps children learn new things.
• Brings children from different families together, building friendships and community bonds.
• Teaches values like sharing, teamwork and respect for others.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

Yes, my family members have sent and received letters and parcels. My grandfather used to write letters to his friends who lived in other cities. My mother once received a parcel from my aunt who lives in another state. She had sent us sweets and gifts during Diwali. It was very exciting to open the parcel and see what was inside.

Answer:

The post office helps people stay connected in the following ways:

1. Letters: People can write letters and send them to friends and family living far away.
2. Parcels: People can send gifts, clothes, food items and other things through parcels.
3. Important documents: The post office helps in sending important papers and documents safely.
4. Money Orders: People can send money to others through the post office.
5. Speed Post: Urgent letters and documents can be sent quickly using speed post.

In this way, the post office acts as a bridge between people living in different places and helps them stay connected.

Given: We need to identify five colourful flowers found in our area and write their local names.

Concept: Different flowers are known by different names in different regions of India.

Sample Answer (students may write flowers found in their own area):

Note: Students should draw and colour any one flower of their choice in the third column. For example, draw a bright yellow Marigold and colour it orange-yellow.

Final Answer: Five colourful flowers are Palash, Marigold, Hibiscus, Sunflower, and Rose (students may write flowers specific to their own region).

Given: We need to make a model of a house using natural materials.

Concept: Traditional houses in India are built using natural materials like clay, wood, hay, and leaves. This activity helps us understand how nature provides us with building materials.

Steps to make the model:

Step 1: Collect natural materials — clay (for walls and floor), wooden sticks or twigs (for the frame and pillars), hay or dry grass (for the roof), and large leaves (for decoration).

Step 2: Use clay to shape the four walls of the house. Press the clay firmly so the walls stand upright.

Step 3: Place wooden sticks as pillars at the corners to give the structure support.

Step 4: Lay hay or dry grass over the top to make a sloping roof, just like traditional village houses.

Step 5: Decorate the walls using an art form of your choice — for example, Warli art (simple white drawings of people and nature on a mud-coloured background) or Madhubani patterns using natural colours.

Final Answer: A model house made of clay walls, twig pillars, and a hay roof, decorated with a traditional art form such as Warli or Gond art, represents how people in villages use nature's resources to build their homes.

Below is a sample table with five food items for each taste (the first row in each column is the example already given in the book):

Key concept: According to Ayurveda, these six tastes are called 'Shad Rasa'. Eating food that contains all six tastes in a balanced way is considered good for health.

Elements that assist a grain in its journey are ticked below:

Explanation:

• Soil provides nutrients and a base for the seed to grow.
• Air (sunlight and wind) helps in pollination and photosynthesis.
• Water is essential for germination and growth of the plant.
• Farmer sows, tends, and harvests the grain.
• Earthworm loosens the soil and makes it fertile.

Stone, Wood, Tiger, Hills, Fire, Insect, and Bat do not directly assist a grain in its journey from seed to plate.

Given: We need to think about whether all objects can spin and list some that can.

Concept: Spinning means rotating around a central point or axis. Objects that are round, balanced, or have a pointed base tend to spin well.

Answer: No, not all objects can spin easily. Objects that are round, symmetrical, or have a smooth surface spin better.

Objects that can spin:

1. Top (spinning top / lattu)
2. Coin
3. Ball
4. Wheel
5. Bangle
6. CD or disc
7. Globe
8. Fan blades

Final Answer: Not all objects can spin. Rounded, symmetrical objects like coins, tops, bangles, and balls spin well.

Given: Instructions to make recycled paper at home.

Materials needed:

• Old newspapers
• Fenugreek seeds (methi)
• Water
• A grinder or hands for mashing
• A flat base and a rolling pin

Steps:

1. Tear old newspapers into small pieces and soak them in water. Add a small quantity of fenugreek seeds to the water and leave it overnight. (Fenugreek seeds act as a binding material.)
2. Using a grinder, blend the soaked paper and fenugreek seeds into a wet mixture (pulp). You can also mash it with your hands.
3. Spread the paste on a flat base and roll it out into thin sheets.
4. Leave the rolled sheets to dry completely.

Result: Your recycled paper is ready for use!

Given: This is a personal/group activity. A sample filled table is provided below as a guide.

(a) Which type of place do you find interesting?
Sample answer: I find coastal regions most interesting because the sea, sandy beaches, colourful shells, and the sound of waves make it a very exciting and beautiful place to visit.

(b) Similarities and differences:

• Similarities: All places have people living and working there; all have some form of food, shelter, clothing, and festivals.
• Differences: The climate, vegetation, food, clothing, and houses are very different. Mountain regions are cold with pine trees, while deserts are hot and dry with cacti. Coastal regions have coconut trees and fish-based food, while plains have fertile soil and crops like wheat and mustard.

Given: We need to observe and record what we see in the sky at three different times of the day.

Concept: The sky looks different at different times because of the position of the Sun, presence of stars/Moon, and the amount of light.

Completed Table:

Note: Share your observations with classmates and compare. You may add more points based on your own observations.