Exploring Our Neighbourhood

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

Yes, my family members have sent and received letters and parcels. My grandfather used to write letters to his friends who lived in other cities. My mother once received a parcel from my aunt who lives in another state. She had sent us sweets and gifts during Diwali. It was very exciting to open the parcel and see what was inside.

Answer:

The post office helps people stay connected in the following ways:

1. Letters: People can write letters and send them to friends and family living far away.
2. Parcels: People can send gifts, clothes, food items and other things through parcels.
3. Important documents: The post office helps in sending important papers and documents safely.
4. Money Orders: People can send money to others through the post office.
5. Speed Post: Urgent letters and documents can be sent quickly using speed post.

In this way, the post office acts as a bridge between people living in different places and helps them stay connected.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

| Category | Communication in earlier times | Communication in present time |
|---|---|---|
| Type of communication | Letter, telegram, postcard | Internet, social media, text message, video call, email |
| Speed of communication | Very slow – letters took days or weeks to reach | Very fast – messages reach in seconds |
| Frequency of communication | Less frequent because writing and posting took effort | Very frequent – people can communicate many times a day |
| Language of communication | Mostly formal written language; regional languages used in letters | Informal language, short forms, emojis; many languages used |
| Challenges faced | Long waiting time for reply; letters could get lost; expensive telegrams | Misinformation spreads fast; too much screen time; privacy concerns |

Note: Students should fill this table based on their own interviews with elders. The above is a model answer.

Answer:

In the past, since letters took days or even weeks to reach the other person, communication was very slow. People had to wait a long time to get a reply. This meant:
- Important news like illness, birth, or death in the family reached very late.
- Business decisions were delayed.
- People felt lonely and missed their loved ones more.
- Misunderstandings could not be cleared quickly.

Despite this, people valued every letter they received because it carried personal feelings and handwritten words.

Answer:

Today, communication is very different from the past:
- We use mobile phones, emails, and video calls to communicate instantly.
- A message sent today reaches the other person within seconds.
- We can see and talk to people far away through video calls.
- We can share photos, videos, and voice messages easily.
- Social media platforms allow us to connect with many people at once.

So, modern communication is much faster, easier, and more convenient than in the past.

Answer:

To make sure the news we share is true, we can follow these steps:

1. Check the source: Always read news from trusted and reliable sources like well-known newspapers or official websites.
2. Verify before sharing: Do not forward a message without checking if it is true.
3. Ask an adult: If we are unsure about any information, we should ask a trusted adult like a parent or teacher.
4. Avoid spreading rumours: If we are not sure about something, it is better not to share it.
5. Use fact-checking websites: There are special websites that check whether news is true or false.

By being careful and responsible, we can stop the spread of wrong information.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

I use the school bus the most for my daily travel. It picks me up from near my home every morning and drops me back in the afternoon. Sometimes, my parents also take me by car or auto-rickshaw when we go to the market or visit relatives.

*(Note: Students should write their own personal answer based on their experience.)*

Answer:

*(Note: The pictures show structures like flyovers and metro trains. Based on the context of the chapter, the answer is as follows:)*

1. Flyover: A flyover is a high road built above busy roads and crossings. It allows vehicles to move without stopping at traffic signals. This saves time and reduces traffic jams, making travel faster.

2. Metro Train: A metro train is a fast electric train that runs on a fixed track, often above or below the ground. It can carry many passengers at once and travels very quickly. It helps people reach their destinations faster and reduces the number of vehicles on the road.

Both these structures have improved connectivity between different parts of a city and made daily travel much more convenient.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

| You | Parents | Grandparents |
|---|---|---|
| I travel by school bus or car. | My parents walked to school or used a bicycle. | My grandparents walked long distances or used a bullock cart or bicycle. |

Observation: Yes, it is very different. Today we have many fast and comfortable modes of transport like buses, cars, metro trains and auto-rickshaws. In earlier times, people mostly walked or used bicycles and bullock carts. Travel was slower and more tiring.

*(Note: Students should fill this based on their own family's experience.)*

Answer:

| People | Role in the Hospital/Health Centre |
|---|---|
| Doctor | Treats patients and prescribes medicines. |
| Nurse | Takes care of patients, gives medicines and injections as directed by the doctor. |
| Pharmacist | Prepares and gives medicines to patients. |
| Lab Technician | Conducts blood tests and other medical tests to help diagnose diseases. |
| Receptionist | Registers patients and manages appointments. |
| Ambulance Driver | Drives the ambulance to bring patients to the hospital quickly. |
| Sweeper/Sanitation Worker | Keeps the hospital clean and hygienic to prevent the spread of diseases. |
| Surgeon | Performs operations and surgical procedures on patients. |

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

I would choose to send money using a phone (online transfer/UPI) because:

1. It is fast: The money reaches the other person instantly.
2. It is safe: There is no risk of the money getting lost on the way.
3. It is convenient: We can send money from anywhere without going to a bank or post office.
4. It is easy: We just need a mobile phone and internet connection.

However, for people who do not have a mobile phone or internet, a Money Order through the post office is also a good option as it is reliable and reaches even remote areas.

*(Note: Students may choose any method and give their own reasons.)*

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

Yes, I save a part of my pocket money. I put my savings in a piggy bank at home. My parents have also opened a small savings account in my name at the bank where they deposit some money for my future.

*(Note: Students should write their own personal answer.)*

Answer:

It is important to save money because:

1. For emergencies: If something unexpected happens, like a medical emergency, saved money can be very helpful.
2. To buy something special: If we want to buy a book, toy, or gift, our savings can help us.
3. For the future: Saving money helps us plan for future needs like education.
4. Good habit: Saving teaches us to be responsible and not waste money.
5. Sense of security: Having savings gives us a feeling of safety and confidence.

Answer:

Here are some things I could do to save more money:

1. Avoid unnecessary spending: Not buying things I do not really need.
2. Use a piggy bank: Put a fixed amount in my piggy bank every day or week.
3. Make a budget: Plan how much to spend and how much to save.
4. Avoid wasting food and water: This saves money indirectly.
5. Borrow books from the library instead of buying them every time.
6. Walk short distances instead of taking transport, saving travel money.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

After looking at my family member's bank passbook, I found the following important elements on the first page:

1. Account Holder's Name – The name of the person who owns the account.
2. Account Number – A unique number given to each account.
3. Bank Name and Branch – The name of the bank and the branch where the account is held.
4. IFSC Code – A special code used for online money transfers.
5. Type of Account – Whether it is a savings account or current account.
6. Date of Opening – The date when the account was opened.
7. Photograph and Signature – The account holder's photo and signature.

*(Note: Students should fill this based on their own observation of a real passbook.)*

Answer:

Other than saving money, people use banks for:

1. Taking loans: People borrow money from banks to buy a house, car, or start a business.
2. Sending money: Banks help transfer money to other people through NEFT, RTGS, or UPI.
3. Fixed Deposits (FD): People keep money in FD to earn more interest over time.
4. Paying bills: Electricity, water, and other bills can be paid through the bank.
5. Issuing cheques and demand drafts: For making large payments safely.
6. Keeping valuables safe: Banks have lockers where people can keep jewellery and important documents.

Answer:

ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine.

An ATM is a machine that allows people to withdraw cash from their bank account at any time of the day or night, without going to the bank.

How it helps people:
1. We can withdraw money 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
2. We do not need to stand in long queues at the bank.
3. We can check our account balance at the ATM.
4. ATMs are available in many places like markets, hospitals, and railway stations, making it very convenient.
5. We can also deposit cash at some ATMs.

Answer (Sample – for a ₹50 note):

The value of the note is Fifty Rupees (₹50).

The value is written on the note in numbers as well as in words. It is also written in multiple Indian languages on the back of the note.

*(Note: Students should write the value of the note they are observing.)*

Answer:

On an Indian currency note, I can see 17 languages printed on the language panel on the back of the note. These include Hindi and English on the front, and 15 other regional languages of India on the back, such as Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Punjabi, Assamese, Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali, and Sanskrit.

*(Note: The exact number may vary slightly; students should count the languages on the note they are observing.)*

Answer (Sample – for a ₹50 note):

On the Indian currency note, I can see the following pictures and symbols:

1. Front side:
- Portrait of Mahatma Gandhi
- Ashoka Pillar Emblem (the national emblem of India)
- The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) seal
- A security thread running through the note
- The signature of the RBI Governor

2. Back side:
- A picture representing Indian heritage or culture (e.g., Hampi with Chariot for ₹50 note)
- The year of printing
- Swachh Bharat Abhiyan logo

*(Note: Students should describe the note they are actually observing.)*

Answer:

*(Note: This question is based on a picture/map that could not be fully viewed in the OCR. Students should look at the picture in their textbook and fill in the table accordingly. A sample format is given below.)*

| Direction | Place |
|---|---|
| North | (Write the place shown to the North of Navya's home in the picture) |
| East | (Write the place shown to the East of Navya's home in the picture) |
| West | (Write the place shown to the West of Navya's home in the picture) |
| South | (Write the place shown to the South of Navya's home in the picture) |

How to find directions:
- North is the direction towards the top of the map.
- South is towards the bottom.
- East is towards the right.
- West is towards the left.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

*(Note: Students should fill this based on their own school's surroundings. A sample answer is given below.)*

- North of my school: A park
- South of my school: A bus stop
- East of my school: A market/shopping area
- West of my school: A hospital

Students should observe the actual surroundings of their school and write the correct names of buildings and places in each direction.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

Place: The Public Library near my school

Instructions:
1. Start from the main gate of the school.
2. Turn right and walk forward for about 2 minutes.
3. You will see a big banyan tree on your left – that is a landmark.
4. After the banyan tree, turn left.
5. Walk forward for about 1 minute.
6. You will see a red building on your right – that is the Public Library.

*(Note: Students should write directions based on their own school and favourite nearby place.)*

Answer:

*(This is a drawing/creative activity. Students should draw their own map in their notebooks or the space provided in the textbook.)*

Steps to draw the map:

1. Start point: Mark your school at one end of the map.
2. End point: Mark the public library (or chosen place) at the other end.
3. Draw the route: Draw the roads/paths connecting the school to the library.
4. Add landmarks: Draw and label landmarks along the route such as:
- A park (draw a tree symbol)
- A hospital (draw a red cross symbol)
- A bus stop (draw a bus symbol)
- A shop or market (draw a building symbol)
5. Add a compass: Draw a small compass showing North, South, East, and West.
6. Add a title: Write 'Map from My School to the Public Library' at the top.

Remember: A good map is neat, labelled clearly, and has a compass direction marked on it.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

| Category | Planned amount | Why did you choose this amount? |
|---|---|---|
| Savings | ₹40 | Saving ₹40 will help me buy something special in the future or use it in an emergency. |
| Expenditure | ₹60 | I will use ₹20 for stationery, ₹20 for snacks, and ₹20 for other small needs. |

Reflection: Saving money every month is a good habit. If I save ₹40 each month, in 3 months I will have ₹120, which I can use to buy a book or a toy I really want. Saving also teaches me to be responsible and not waste money on unnecessary things.

*(Note: Students may choose their own amounts and reasons.)*

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

If our group were in charge of making our neighbourhood better, we would add or improve the following:

1. More parks and green spaces: So that children can play safely and people can relax. Plants and trees also keep the air clean.
2. Better roads and footpaths: So that people can walk safely without fear of accidents.
3. More dustbins: To keep the neighbourhood clean and reduce littering.
4. A public library: So that children and adults can read books and gain knowledge for free.
5. Better street lighting: To make the streets safe at night.
6. A community health centre: So that people can get basic medical help nearby without travelling far.
7. Recycling facilities: To manage waste properly and protect the environment.

These changes would make our neighbourhood cleaner, safer, healthier, and more enjoyable for everyone.

Answer (Sample/Model Answer):

People who helped the community during COVID-19:

| Person | How they helped |
|---|---|
| Doctors and Nurses | Treated sick patients and worked tirelessly in hospitals, risking their own health. |
| Garbage Collectors/Sanitation Workers | Continued collecting waste to keep the neighbourhood clean and prevent further spread of disease. |
| Shopkeepers | Kept essential shops open so people could get food and medicines. |
| Teachers | Taught students online so that education did not stop. |
| Police Officers | Ensured people followed safety rules and helped maintain order. |
| Delivery Workers | Delivered food, medicines, and essential items to people's homes. |
| Volunteers | Distributed food and masks to those in need. |

Why it is important to thank them:
These people put the safety of others before their own. They worked hard under very difficult conditions. Thanking them shows that we value their sacrifice and hard work. It also encourages them and others to continue helping the community. We can thank them by saying kind words, writing thank-you notes, or simply respecting their work.

Answer:

*(Note: This question refers to pictures/boxes in the textbook that could not be fully viewed in the OCR. Based on the context of the chapter about neighbourhood services, a model answer covering common community services is given below.)*

| Service | People Involved | Vehicles Used |
|---|---|---|
| Fire Service | Firefighters, Fire Officer | Fire Engine/Fire Truck |
| Police Service | Police Officers, Constables | Police Car, Police Motorcycle |
| Medical/Ambulance Service | Doctors, Paramedics, Nurses | Ambulance |
| Postal Service | Postman, Post Office Staff | Postal Van, Bicycle |
| Garbage/Sanitation Service | Sanitation Workers, Sweepers | Garbage Truck |
| School Transport | Bus Driver, Conductor | School Bus |

*(Note: Students should fill in the boxes based on the actual pictures shown in their textbook.)*