Radioactivity — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 10 · Physics
35 flashcards for Radioactivity (ICSE Class 10 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "State the structure of an atom."
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Get startedState the structure of an atom.
Answer
An atom has three particles: proton, neutron, and electron. Protons and neutrons are concentrated in the nucleus. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in closed circular orbits. The atom is electrical…
A nucleus has atomic number Z = 11 and mass number A = 23. Find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
Answer
Given: Z = 11, A = 23 Formula: Number of neutrons = A - Z Step 1: Protons = Z = 11 Step 2: Electrons = 11, because the atom is neutral Step 3: Neutrons = A - Z = 23 - 11 = 12 Answer: Protons = 11, ele…
Define isotopes with one example.
Answer
Elements having the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called isotopes. Example: hydrogen has three isotopes: protium, deuterium, and tritium. They have the same atomic number 1 but dif…
A pair of atoms has mass number 23, but atomic numbers 11 and 12. What are they called?
Answer
Atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different atomic numbers are called isobars. Example: Na-23 and Mg-23 are isobars.
A pair of atoms has atomic numbers 11 and 12, but both have 12 neutrons. What are they called?
Answer
Atoms having different numbers of protons but the same number of neutrons are called isotones. Example: Na-23 and Mg-24 are isotones because both have 12 neutrons.
State the discovery of radioactivity.
Answer
Henry Becquerel discovered radioactivity after observing that uranium and its salts emit radiations called Becquerel rays. These radiations are of three types: alpha, beta, and gamma.
Why does alpha radiation deflect less than beta radiation in electric and magnetic fields?
Answer
Alpha particles have much greater mass than beta particles. Even though alpha particles are positively charged, their large mass makes their deflection smaller. Beta particles are much lighter, so the…
State the properties of an alpha particle.
Answer
An alpha particle is a doubly ionised helium nucleus. It is positively charged, has mass about 6.68×10^-27 kg, and charge +3.2×10^-19 C. Its speed is about 3×10^7 m/s. It has very high ionising power,…
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