Double Entry System
ICSE · Class 11 · Accountancy
Complete topic list for Double Entry System in ICSE Class 11 Accountancy. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Double Entry System
Meaning and History of Double Entry System
- Every business transaction has TWO aspects – giving and receiving.
- The Double Entry System records BOTH aspects of every transaction.
- Lucas Pacioli (Venice, Italy) wrote the first book on Double Entry System in 1494.
Principles and Characteristics of Double Entry System
- Core Principle: 'Every debit has a credit and every credit has a debit.'
- PRINCIPLE 1 – Dual Aspect: Every transaction affects at least TWO accounts in opposite directions.
- PRINCIPLE 2 – Both Personal and Impersonal Aspects are recorded: One aspect may be personal and another impersonal, or both may be the same type.
Classification of Accounts – The Golden Rules
- All accounts are classified into THREE types: Personal Accounts, Real Accounts, and Nominal Accounts.
- These three types have THREE different rules (called 'Golden Rules') for debit and credit.
- PERSONAL ACCOUNTS → DEBIT THE RECEIVER, CREDIT THE GIVER
Golden Rules – Applied Examples
- RULE 1 (Personal): Paid cash ₹50,000 to Ram → Ram A/c Dr. (receiver), Cash A/c Cr. (giver).
- RULE 1 (Personal): Received cash ₹80,000 from Shyam → Cash A/c Dr. (receiver), Shyam A/c Cr. (giver).
- RULE 2 (Real): Bought furniture for cash ₹9,000 → Furniture A/c Dr. (comes in), Cash A/c Cr. (goes out).
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