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Biological Classification

ICSE · Class 11 · Biology

Quick revision notes for Biological Classification — ICSE Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

64 questions57 flashcards5 concepts

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A timeline illustrating the progression from Linnaeus's Two Kingdom system to R.H. Whittaker's Five Kingdom system, highlighting the key additions and changes in classification criteria.
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Key Topics to Revise

1

1. History of Classification and Major Systems

  • Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis of classification. He used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs, and animals into those with re
  • Linnaeus proposed the Two-Kingdom system with Plantae and Animalia based on form and constitution.
  • Ernst Haeckel added a third kingdom, Protista, in 1866 to include bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoa with cellular grade organisation.
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2. Kingdom Monera

  • Monera includes prokaryotic, single-celled organisms.
  • A typical moneran has a naked circular DNA molecule that acts as the chromosome.
  • Membrane-bound organelles and a true nucleus are absent.
3

3. Classification and Features of Bacteria

  • On the basis of shape, bacteria are bacillus, coccus, spirillum and vibrio.
  • An average bacillus is about 1.5 micrometres long and 0.5 micrometres in diameter.
  • Cocci measure 0.5 to 1.25 micrometres in diameter and are generally non-motile.
4

4. Kingdom Protista

  • Protista includes diverse unicellular eukaryotic organisms.
  • Members of Protista are primarily aquatic.
  • Protists evolved about 1.6 billion years ago.

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Key Concepts

Living organisms are extremely diverseAristotle used simple morphological charactersErnst Haeckel added Protista in 1866RMonera includes prokaryotic

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Biological Classification for ICSE Class 11 Biology?
Biological Classification covers several key topics that are frequently asked in ICSE Class 11 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Biological Classification — ICSE Class 11 Biology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 64 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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