Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
ICSE · Class 11 · Chemistry
Quick revision notes for Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry — ICSE Class 11 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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1. Nature and Scope of Chemistry
- Chemistry deals with materials, their preparation, properties, structure, interactions, and uses.
- It is connected with food, medicines, fibres, polymers, fuels, metals, non-metals, air, water, plants, animals, rocks, minerals, and atmosphere.
- The main branches are inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, and analytical chemistry.
2. Matter: Classification and Properties
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies volume.
- Matter can be classified physically into solids, liquids, and gases.
- Matter can be classified chemically into elements, compounds, and mixtures.
3. Measurement, Units, Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures
- A measurement is meaningful only when expressed in a unit.
- India adopted the metric system in 1957.
- The metric system was introduced by the French Academy of Science in 1791.
4. Laws of Chemical Combination
- Law of conservation of mass was given by A. Lavoisier.
- During any physical or chemical change, the total mass of the products obtained is always equal to the total mass of reactants taken at the beginning of the change.
- This law is verified using Landolt's tube with the AgNO3 + NaCl reaction.
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