Climate Change
ICSE · Class 11 · Geography
Summary of Climate Change for ICSE Class 11 Geography. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Overview
Climate change is the long-term shift in climate over a given area. Earth’s atmosphere is dynamic, so climate has changed naturally through geological time and also through human activities in recent history. Evidence comes from glacial and inter-glacial records, landforms shaped by ice, lake sedime
Key Concepts
Climate change is the shift
Climate change is the shift in climate prevailing over a given area over a long period of time. It occurs because the atmosphere is always changing an
Past climate changes are shown by
Past climate changes are shown by geological records, advances and retreats of glaciers, sediments in glacial lakes, tree rings, and historical record
The Younger Dryas was a cold
The Younger Dryas was a cold climatic reversal about 10,200 years ago. It affected Scandinavia and especially Scotland, and then climate returned to a
The Climatic Optimum was a warm
The Climatic Optimum was a warm period that peaked about 5,500 years ago. Mean mid-latitude temperature was about 2.5°C above present.
The Little Climate Optimum lasted from
The Little Climate Optimum lasted from about 950 to 1250 A.D. Greenland was settled by Vikings because temperatures rose and living conditions improve
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning of climate change and the evidence for past climate variations
- Explain major natural causes of climate change such as solar variation, sunspots, Earth-Sun relations, continental drift, atmospheric composition, and volcanic dust
- Describe human-induced causes of climate change, especially agriculture, industrialisation, deforestation, and greenhouse gas increase
- Understand greenhouse effect and global warming as related but different concepts
- Identify the main greenhouse gases and their role in atmospheric warming
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