Temperature, Salinity and Density of Ocean Water — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 11 · Geography
Summary of Temperature, Salinity and Density of Ocean Water for ICSE Class 11 Geography. Part of the ICSE Class 11 Geography syllabus.
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Overview
Ocean water is not uniform. Its temperature, salinity, and density vary from place to place and from surface to depth. These three properties control ocean circulation, climate, marine life, and the movement of water masses. Temperature is highest near the equator and lowest near the poles. Salinity
Key Concepts
Ocean water receives heat from
Ocean water receives heat from the sun. Heating occurs by absorption of heat radiation from the sun and by convection of heat through the ocean bottom
Ocean water is hottest at
Ocean water is hottest at the equator and coldest at the poles. The average annual temperature is 26°C at the equator, falling to 23°C at 20°, 14°C at
Warm currents raise ocean temperature
Warm currents raise ocean temperature and cold currents lower it. The Cold Labrador Current causes freezing near 50°N on the western coast of the Nort
Ice floes are drifting broken ice
Ice floes are drifting broken ice-fields that form when frozen Arctic or Antarctic margins break away in summer. They are different from icebergs, whi
Ocean temperature is highest at
Ocean temperature is highest at the surface and decreases with depth. Up to about 100 metres, temperature is almost the same as at the surface. It fal
Learning Objectives
- Understand how ocean water is heated and cooled
- Explain why ocean temperature changes horizontally and vertically
- Describe the factors that affect salinity in ocean water
- Compare salinity in open seas, partially closed seas, and enclosed water bodies
- Define density and explain the factors that control it in ocean water
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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