Emergence of the Colonial Economy — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 11 · History
38 flashcards for Emergence of the Colonial Economy (ICSE Class 11 History) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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Why did the British merchants want better roads, transport, and communication in India?
Answer
They wanted an easier way to move raw materials from the interior to ports and to send British goods into Indian markets. Better transport also helped expand trade and colonial control.
What was the main reason railways were introduced in India?
Answer
Railways were introduced because road and river transport were too slow and unreliable for trade. Railways could move goods quickly, link ports with interior markets, and serve British economic and im…
Who first turned attention to improving transport in India, and what did he do?
Answer
Lord William Bentinck first turned attention to transport improvement. He ordered the Calcutta-U.P. trunk road, improved river transport between Calcutta and Assam, and reduced customs duty on British…
Explain the guarantee system in railway construction.
Answer
Under the guarantee system, British companies invested in railways and received 5% interest on their capital. Land was given free, and losses were compensated by the government. This made railway inve…
What happened to the guarantee system after criticism, and what changed later?
Answer
The guarantee system was abolished in 1873 after criticism in British Parliament. It was resumed in 1888 at a reduced rate of 3.5% interest.
What did Lord Hardinge say about railways in 1846?
Answer
He said that railways were planned for preventing insurrection and for the safety of the British Empire. This shows the imperial purpose behind railway building.
What did Lord Dalhousie say in 1853 about cotton and railways?
Answer
He said, "England is calling aloud for cotton of India in sufficient quantities which can only be conveyed by railways." This shows that railways were linked to colonial economic needs.
Why did the railway system help British economic exploitation?
Answer
Railways helped move raw materials like jute and cotton to ports and brought cheap British goods into Indian markets. They also helped move troops and drained wealth from India through profits and tax…
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