Rise of Communism in Russia (1917-39) — Flashcards
ICSE · Class 11 · History
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Why did the Russian people grow dissatisfied with Czarist rule before 1917?
Answer
Czarist rule was autocratic, oppressive, and unwilling to accept reform. Freedom of speech and thought was censured, secret police were used against reformers, and no liberal representative government…
Who was Nicholas II and why is he important in Russian history?
Answer
Nicholas II was the last Czar of Russia. He ruled as an autocratic monarch, suppressed reform, joined the First World War, dissolved the Duma, and finally abdicated when he could no longer control the…
What was the Duma under Nicholas II?
Answer
The Duma was a decorative, advisory body with no legislative power. It was not a real parliament, and the ministers were not responsible to it. This limited body showed that the Czar still kept real p…
Who was Count Plivy?
Answer
Count Plivy was a minister of Nicholas II described as a tyrant. He censured freedom of speech and thought and used secret police against reformers, strengthening the repressive character of Czarist r…
What role did Herzen and Chernishevskay play in Russian revolutionary thought?
Answer
Herzen preached that land should go to the tillers and that government should voice the democratic opinion of the people. Chernishevskay taught that the exploiting structure of Russian society should …
Who were the Narodniks?
Answer
The Narodniks were socialist revolutionaries who drew their philosophy from Belinsky, Herzen, and George Plekhanov. They wanted to destroy the old order by relying on the people, especially the peasan…
Why was the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 a major blow to the Czarist government?
Answer
Russia's defeat in the war ruined the prestige of the Czarist government. The defeat broke the myth of the Czar's invincibility and made people lose faith in the regime.
Why is the Russian Revolt of 1905 described as a 'dress rehearsal' for 1917?
Answer
The revolt of 1905 showed that people were ready to resist Czarist rule. It was suppressed by a bloodbath after royal guards fired on workers led by Father Gapon, but it exposed the weakness of the re…
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