Protest Movement Against Colonial Rule

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Indian indigo was in wide demand in Europe as a dye for colouring cotton fabrics produced in machines. This made indigo cultivation profitable for European planters.

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Retired army officers of the Company and planters who migrated from America started indigo plantations in Bengal and Bihar. They bought land and used it for profitable indigo cultivation.

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Peasants were forced to cultivate indigo instead of paddy or wheat. This reduced food production and caused food shortage in peasant homes.

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Planters forcibly measured 2½ bigha land as one bigha and forced cultivators to sow indigo seeds instead of food crops. If peasants refused, they were physically tortured and confined in Cootey or Ind…

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Native Judges were not entitled to try European accused in local law courts. This legal arrangement allowed planters to escape punishment after committing oppression.

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The peasants first sent mass petitions to the Company's government against the tyranny of the indigo planters, but these were ignored. After that, the protest became stronger.

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Digambar Biswas and Vishnu Charan Biswas were local zamindars of Nadia district who gave leadership to the suffering indigo peasants. They organised the boycott of indigo planting.

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Harish Chandra Mukerjee was the Editor and Journalist of Hindu Patriot. He was the most outstanding patron and benefactor of the indigo peasants and wrote articles against the tyranny of the planters.