Disease and Hygiene — Syllabus
ICSE · Class 6 · Biology
What Disease and Hygiene covers in ICSE Class 6 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 6 Biology syllabus.
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Topics in Disease and Hygiene
What is Health and Disease?
- Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.
- A healthy person has clear skin, bright eyes, good appetite, sound sleep, and regular body functions.
- Disease means 'dis-ease' — not being at ease. It is a condition where the body does not function normally.
Types of Diseases
- There are two main types of diseases: communicable and non-communicable.
- Communicable diseases spread from person to person through germs like bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and worms.
- Non-communicable diseases do not spread and are caused by deficiencies, lifestyle, or genetic factors.
Communicable Diseases and Their Spread
- Caused by pathogens like bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and worms.
- Spread through air (coughing, sneezing), water, food, insects (mosquitoes, flies), and direct contact.
- Examples: Cholera (bacteria), Malaria (protozoa), Chicken Pox (virus), Elephantiasis (worms).
Non-Communicable Diseases and Deficiencies
- Caused by lack of nutrients, unhealthy lifestyle, or genetic factors.
- Deficiency diseases occur due to lack of vitamins or minerals in diet.
- Examples: Scurvy (Vitamin C), Rickets (Vitamin D), Anaemia (Iron), Goitre (Iodine).
Key Concepts
Central concept: Health and Disease
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