Disease and Hygiene — Flashcards

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Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease or weakness. For example, a healthy person has energy, clear skin, good sleep, and can handle dai…

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Disease means 'dis-ease' — not being at ease. It is any change in the body that causes discomfort or stops normal functions. For example, fever, cough, or stomach pain.

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The two main types are communicable (infectious) and non-communicable (non-infectious) diseases. Communicable diseases spread from person to person, like cold or malaria. Non-communicable diseases do …

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A communicable disease spreads from an infected person to a healthy one through germs. Examples: Cholera (spreads through dirty water) and Malaria (spread by mosquito bite).

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A non-communicable disease does not spread from person to person. It is caused by poor diet, lifestyle, or body malfunction. Examples: Diabetes (sugar disease), Scurvy (due to lack of Vitamin C).

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They spread through: 1) Air (coughing, sneezing), 2) Water (contaminated drinking water), 3) Food (unwashed fruits), 4) Insects (mosquitoes, flies), and 5) Direct contact (touching infected person or …

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1) Clear skin, 2) Bright eyes, 3) Good appetite, 4) Sound sleep. Other signs include fresh breath, regular bowel movements, and active body movements.

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Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. For example, the virus that causes cold or bacteria that cause cholera.