The Judiciary — Flashcards

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The Judiciary interprets or explains the meaning of laws and gives punishment to law breakers. It works separately from the legislature, which makes laws, and the executive, which carries them out.

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It is described as a pyramid because the Supreme Court is at the top, the High Courts are in the middle, and the District Courts and other Subordinate Courts are at the lower level.

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Criminal cases are cases involving theft, robbery, killing, physical injury, rioting, and similar offences. These cases deal with actions that break the law and harm people or society.

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Civil cases are disputes related to property, marriage, contracts, and damage to goods. They usually concern private rights, family matters, or disagreements between people or groups.

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The Supreme Court of India is the top judicial set-up of the country and the apex court of the judicial system. It stands at the head of the judicial hierarchy.

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The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice and 33 other judges. The number is fixed by Parliament from time to time, so it can change.

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The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is appointed by the President of India.

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Other Supreme Court judges are appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.