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Syllabus

Earth's Structure — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 9 · Geography

What Earth's Structure covers in ICSE Class 9 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 9 Geography syllabus.

51 questions34 flashcards4 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A cross-section diagram showing the Earth's main layers: Crust, Mantle (Upper and Lower), and Core (Outer and Inner), with their approximate depths and key compositions.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 9 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in Earth's Structure

1

1. Earth’s Interior: Main Layers

  • Earth is composed of three parts: crust, mantle, and core.
  • The crust is the outermost layer and is also called the lithosphere.
  • The mantle lies between the crust and the core.
2

2. Crust: Lithosphere, Sial, and Sima

  • The word lithosphere comes from the Greek word Lithos meaning rock.
  • The crust is about 6 to 48 km thick in one description and 5 to 60 km in another description.
  • The crust has two layers: Sial and Sima.
3

3. Temperature, Pressure, and Density Inside Earth

  • Temperature increases as depth increases.
  • The rate of temperature increase is 1°C for every 32 metres of descent.
  • At a depth of 48 km, the temperature is between 1200°C and 2000°C.
4

4. Mantle: Position, Extent, and Parts

  • The mantle is the second layer of the Earth.
  • It lies between the crust and the core.
  • Its upper boundary is the Mohorovicic Discontinuity and its lower boundary is the Gutenberg Discontinuity.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Earth's Interior and Structure

Earth's interiorCrustMantleCoreTemperature inside EarthPressure inside EarthDensity inside EarthIndirect evidence

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Earth's Structure for ICSE Class 9 Geography?
Key topics in Earth's Structure include Earth’s Interior: Main Layers, Crust: Lithosphere, Sial, and Sima, Temperature, Pressure, and Density Inside Earth, Mantle: Position, Extent, and Parts. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 9 exams.
How should I revise Earth's Structure for Class 9 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 51 practice questions on Earth's Structure. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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