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Syllabus

Volcanoes — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 9 · Geography

What Volcanoes covers in ICSE Class 9 Geography: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 9 Geography syllabus.

53 questions38 flashcards2 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A labeled cross-section diagram showing the internal and external components of a volcano, including the magma chamber, conduit, vent, crater, and layers of lava and ash.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 9 Geography · 2026-27

Topics in Volcanoes

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1. Meaning and Types of Volcanoes

  • Volcanicity is the intrusion of magma in the Earth's crust or the extrusion of molten material on the Earth's surface.
  • A volcano is usually cone-shaped or dome-shaped according to the material ejected.
  • The two main types of volcanic landforms are intrusive forms and extrusive forms.
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2. Intrusive Volcanic Forms

  • Batholith is a large, coarse-grained igneous landmass that forms the base of mountains after erosion of the upper lying landmass.
  • Laccoliths are large sills of acid lava that solidify slowly and give a dome shape.
  • Sills are formed when lava solidifies before coming out between horizontal layers of parent rocks.
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3. Extrusive Volcanic Forms

  • Ash and Cinder Cones are built when eruptions are explosive.
  • Growth of an ash or cinder cone begins around a crater and it is not very high.
  • Lava Dome is formed when viscous lava solidifies quickly and forms a steep-sided cone.
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4. Classification Based on Activity

  • Volcanoes may be classified on the basis of intensity of eruption into active, dormant and extinct.
  • Active volcanoes constantly eject lava, gases, ashes, cinder and pumice.
  • About 50 out of 1500 active volcanoes erupt every year.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Volcanicity and volcanic activity

VolcanicityDefinition of a volcanoTypes of volcanoesIntrusive volcanic formsExtrusive volcanic formsClassification by activityCauses of volcanismWorld distribution of volcanoes

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Volcanoes for ICSE Class 9 Geography?
Key topics in Volcanoes include Meaning and Types of Volcanoes, Intrusive Volcanic Forms, Extrusive Volcanic Forms, Classification Based on Activity. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 9 exams.
How should I revise Volcanoes for Class 9 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 53 practice questions on Volcanoes. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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